At present, the use rate of bio-pesticide is constantly increasing, and several aspects of bio-pesticide should be paid attention to in production practice:
1. Familiar with the biological characteristics of biological pesticides
The biological characteristics of biological pesticides refer to the scope of application, the route of action, the components of action, and the mechanism of action. For example, sulphide, fungus, enemy, etc., their active ingredients are Bacillus thuringiensis,
The application range is toxic to lepidopteran larvae, and is ineffective against mites, mites and mites, and the path of action is stomach poisoning. The mechanism of action is that the dead body can also infect other similar pests that have not been exposed to pesticides. The common characteristics of biopharmaceuticals are characterized by low toxicity, no residue, slow action and long duration. Both the formulation concentration and the dose used are less accurate than the chemical. When the dose is slightly larger, it will not cause phytotoxicity to plants, and it is safer for humans and animals, and does not pollute the environment.
Second, the scientific mix of biological agents
Scientific mixing of biological agents can improve the control effect. Read the instructions in detail when using them, and use them with your use. The used pesticide should be used up once. For example, Beauveria bassiana should be sprayed in 2 small days to prevent the spores from germination and lose their effectiveness. For bio-insecticides, it can be mixed with most chemical pesticides. Because most chemical pesticides are chemically acidic and physiologically neutral, there is no inhibition or neutralization reaction against bacteria and fungi. Therefore, it can be fully mixed. It can be seen that biocides cannot be mixed with chemical fungicides once they are mismatched. The active bacterial spores of biological agents will be killed and lose their proper efficacy; for most biological fungicides, they can be mixed with most chemical agents and biological agents, but not with alkaline drugs. For example, Trichoderma can be mixed with most biocides and chemical pesticides.
Third, scientifically master the temperature of medication
The application temperature of biological pesticides should be controlled at about 20 ° C to 30 ° C. The active ingredient of the biological pesticide consists of protein crystals and living spores. Under low temperature conditions, the spores propagate slowly in the body of the pest, the protein crystals are difficult to function, and the control effect is poor. According to the test, bio-pesticide such as Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis. Spray at a temperature of 25 ° C to 30 ° C. The insecticidal effect is 1-2 times higher than that at 10 ° C to 15 ° C.
Fourth, scientifically master the time of medication
The spores of bacteria in biological pesticides are in a humid environment, so the greater the humidity in the field, the higher the efficacy. In general, spraying is best in the morning and evening, especially powder pesticides are more effective. Because there is dew in the morning and evening, the agent can stick well to the stems and leaves, and the spores will multiply quickly. As long as the pests eat the stems and leaves, they will die quickly, which can improve the efficacy and control effect. If you spray at high temperature at noon, direct sunlight. Ultraviolet light in strong sunlight kills spores. Direct sunlight for 0.5 hours, the spore mortality rate is about 50, direct light for 1 hour, and the spore mortality rate is 80%. In addition, ultraviolet radiation will deform the spore crystals, which will greatly affect the use effect. Therefore, spraying bio-pesticide should be carried out in the evening or on cloudy days. However, we must grasp the weather changes. In addition to choosing to spray the sun on sunny days, cloudy days or after rain, try to avoid heavy rain. The heavy rain will wash away the bacteria and lose the lethality. If it is light rain 5-6 hours after application, it is conducive to spore germination, which will not reduce the efficacy, but will improve the insect control effect.
Fifth, the scientific mastery of the method of use
Because most bio-pesticides are not systemic, when spraying, it is necessary to pay attention to spraying evenly to achieve good results. For example, Beauveria bassiana must be evenly sprayed onto the pests, and the bacteria continue to multiply, gradually destroying the physiological functions of the pests, and eventually causing the pests to metabolize and die. In the use of dryland crops, it is necessary to spray enough liquid to make every part of the plant spray and spray to prevent leakage, so as to achieve the purpose of prevention and control. Second, the role of biological pesticides is slow. It should be used in the lower larval stage of pests. Many silicon pesticides have a slow insecticidal effect, which is worse than chemical pesticides that are immediately apparent after spraying. Therefore, the time of administration should be 2-5 days earlier than chemical pesticides. Such as BT emulsion, Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus thuringiensis, etc., their sterilization speed is slow, after the general spraying, the pests gradually die after 3-5 days. Third, the location of biopesticide storage is required to be cool and dry to avoid moisture. Such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Jinggangmycin, gibberellin and so on. They are characterized by their inability to withstand high temperatures and storage. Easy to absorb moisture and mildew, inactivation failure, and the shelf life can not exceed 2 years.
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