On September 13, 2010, the Ministry of Public Security reported the fire situation in China in 2010. According to statistics, from January to August, a total of 89,000 fires occurred in the country, 729 deaths, and 45 fires with more than 3 deaths each year, compared with last year. Increased by 25%. From the direct cause of fire, electrical fires ranked first; followed by fire carelessness; third, children play with fire. Wang Shulin, deputy director of the Fire Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, pointed out that most of the deaths in 2010 occurred in urban and rural residential houses. With high fires, it is imperative to pay attention to fire safety in residential buildings. According to reports, there are outstanding problems with the number of exits, the lack of evacuation routes, the decoration of flammable materials, and the accumulation of combustible materials. In addition, the lack of firefighting facilities is an important cause of the proliferation of residential fires and casualties.
According to relevant laws and regulations in China, high-rise buildings are divided into two types: residential buildings and public buildings. Residential buildings are 10 stories high and 25 meters high are high-rise buildings, public buildings are 7 stories, high-rise buildings are more than 24 meters high, and buildings that exceed 100 meters are super high-rise buildings. Once a high-rise building catches fire, the fire spreads quickly, the population is dense and evacuation is difficult, and it is difficult to extinguish, and it is easy to cause major personnel and property losses. Since last year's “11.15†fire in Shanghai, the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings has become a social concern. All sectors of society have made suggestions for the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings. Among them, people from all walks of life think that improving fire facilities is an important means to solve the fire safety problems in high-rise residential buildings. It is necessary to provide automatic fire alarm equipment for high-rise buildings.
Recently, the newly revised "Fire Protection Regulations of Shandong Province" provides detailed regulations on the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings. It is clarified that new high-rise residential buildings are to be equipped with separate fire detection alarms. Stand-alone fire detection alarms shall be set by the construction unit before delivery. Otherwise Will face up to 50,000 yuan in heavy fines. In old buildings, boarding schools, kindergartens, welfare houses and other special places, separate fire detection alarms must be installed in each room. In densely populated areas, the construction unit must also be installed at a location prone to fire.
This is the first domestic provision for high-rise residential fire safety. According to China's current laws, China's "High-rise Civil Building Design Fire Protection Code" provides that high-rise buildings with a building height of more than 100m, except for toilets and toilets with an area of ​​less than 5.00m2, should be equipped with an automatic fire alarm system. In addition, it also proposes to install and install an automatic fire alarm system for hospitals and commercial buildings less than 100 meters. The high-rise houses below 100 meters do not require the installation of an automatic fire alarm system. In fact, non-high-rise residential buildings should also be equipped with automatic fire alarm equipment.
It is understood that residential installations of fire detection alarms can effectively reduce the occurrence of fire and reduce the incidence of casualties. Experts from the experts group of the Beijing Fire Science and Technology Consulting Department and the former senior engineer of the Beijing Municipal Fire Bureau, Hu Shichao, are very much in favor of requesting the installation of a fire alarm system for residential installations. In an interview with the author, he pointed out that an automatic alarm system for residential installation can reach a certain temperature in the room. An alarm was issued to enable residents to escape before the fire burned.
It is understood that in foreign countries, the United States, Australia and other countries require residential installation of automatic alarm systems. For example, in Queensland, Australia, legislation was introduced in 2004, requiring all households to install a smoke alarm. Moreover, the proportion of smoke alarms installed in the homes of the state has been increasing, from 72.6% in 2004 to 90.1% in 2008. According to Neil Roberts, Director of Emergency Services in Queensland, Australia, one in five Australians will experience a fire during their lifetime, and in the event of a smoke alarm, the fire casualty rate will increase by 6%. ten. It can be seen that fire alarms play an important role in improving the fire escape rate.
In fact, before the installation of an automatic alarm system for homes, our country has also tried before. For example, in 2010, the Lanjia town government in Changchun installed fire alarms in each household. The Tianjin Hexi District Civil Affairs Bureau and the Hexi Fire Brigade invested more than 800,000 yuan to install the “fire automatic alarm system†for all 9 old-age institutions built before 2008 in the region. The installation of an automatic fire alarm system adds a safety line of defense to people's home lives.
The emergence of more and more high-rise residences has made residential fires a problem. Home-installed fire automatic alarm systems can provide people with more time to escape and reduce casualties. Of course, firefighting design should be a systematic project. Experts point out that fire alarms allow more people to escape, while automatic fire suppression systems can effectively extinguish the fire. Therefore, the key to effectively solve the fire problems in residential fires, especially in high-rise residential buildings, is to improve the fire fighting system, install automatic alarms and automatic fire extinguishing systems. In addition, with the development of building intelligence, fire alarm systems can also be linked with building control systems, broadcast audio systems, and access control systems.
According to relevant laws and regulations in China, high-rise buildings are divided into two types: residential buildings and public buildings. Residential buildings are 10 stories high and 25 meters high are high-rise buildings, public buildings are 7 stories, high-rise buildings are more than 24 meters high, and buildings that exceed 100 meters are super high-rise buildings. Once a high-rise building catches fire, the fire spreads quickly, the population is dense and evacuation is difficult, and it is difficult to extinguish, and it is easy to cause major personnel and property losses. Since last year's “11.15†fire in Shanghai, the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings has become a social concern. All sectors of society have made suggestions for the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings. Among them, people from all walks of life think that improving fire facilities is an important means to solve the fire safety problems in high-rise residential buildings. It is necessary to provide automatic fire alarm equipment for high-rise buildings.
Recently, the newly revised "Fire Protection Regulations of Shandong Province" provides detailed regulations on the fire safety of high-rise residential buildings. It is clarified that new high-rise residential buildings are to be equipped with separate fire detection alarms. Stand-alone fire detection alarms shall be set by the construction unit before delivery. Otherwise Will face up to 50,000 yuan in heavy fines. In old buildings, boarding schools, kindergartens, welfare houses and other special places, separate fire detection alarms must be installed in each room. In densely populated areas, the construction unit must also be installed at a location prone to fire.
This is the first domestic provision for high-rise residential fire safety. According to China's current laws, China's "High-rise Civil Building Design Fire Protection Code" provides that high-rise buildings with a building height of more than 100m, except for toilets and toilets with an area of ​​less than 5.00m2, should be equipped with an automatic fire alarm system. In addition, it also proposes to install and install an automatic fire alarm system for hospitals and commercial buildings less than 100 meters. The high-rise houses below 100 meters do not require the installation of an automatic fire alarm system. In fact, non-high-rise residential buildings should also be equipped with automatic fire alarm equipment.
It is understood that residential installations of fire detection alarms can effectively reduce the occurrence of fire and reduce the incidence of casualties. Experts from the experts group of the Beijing Fire Science and Technology Consulting Department and the former senior engineer of the Beijing Municipal Fire Bureau, Hu Shichao, are very much in favor of requesting the installation of a fire alarm system for residential installations. In an interview with the author, he pointed out that an automatic alarm system for residential installation can reach a certain temperature in the room. An alarm was issued to enable residents to escape before the fire burned.
It is understood that in foreign countries, the United States, Australia and other countries require residential installation of automatic alarm systems. For example, in Queensland, Australia, legislation was introduced in 2004, requiring all households to install a smoke alarm. Moreover, the proportion of smoke alarms installed in the homes of the state has been increasing, from 72.6% in 2004 to 90.1% in 2008. According to Neil Roberts, Director of Emergency Services in Queensland, Australia, one in five Australians will experience a fire during their lifetime, and in the event of a smoke alarm, the fire casualty rate will increase by 6%. ten. It can be seen that fire alarms play an important role in improving the fire escape rate.
In fact, before the installation of an automatic alarm system for homes, our country has also tried before. For example, in 2010, the Lanjia town government in Changchun installed fire alarms in each household. The Tianjin Hexi District Civil Affairs Bureau and the Hexi Fire Brigade invested more than 800,000 yuan to install the “fire automatic alarm system†for all 9 old-age institutions built before 2008 in the region. The installation of an automatic fire alarm system adds a safety line of defense to people's home lives.
The emergence of more and more high-rise residences has made residential fires a problem. Home-installed fire automatic alarm systems can provide people with more time to escape and reduce casualties. Of course, firefighting design should be a systematic project. Experts point out that fire alarms allow more people to escape, while automatic fire suppression systems can effectively extinguish the fire. Therefore, the key to effectively solve the fire problems in residential fires, especially in high-rise residential buildings, is to improve the fire fighting system, install automatic alarms and automatic fire extinguishing systems. In addition, with the development of building intelligence, fire alarm systems can also be linked with building control systems, broadcast audio systems, and access control systems.
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