Production dust protection knowledge

Productive dust refers to solid particles formed during the production process and capable of floating in the air for a long time. It is an important occupational harmful factor that pollutes the working environment and damages the health of workers. It can cause a variety of occupational lung diseases including pneumoconiosis.

According to the nature of productive dust, it can be divided into inorganic dust, organic dust and mixed dust. Mining, quarrying, construction, casting, refractories and ceramics, asbestos mining, processing and manufacturing asbestos products, metal processing, smelting, welding, etc. The main contact dust is inorganic dust. Quartz (quartz with high purity of free SiO2) quartz dust is more harmful to health.

The greatest impact of dust on the body is respiratory damage, including upper respiratory tract inflammation, pneumonia, lung granuloma, lung cancer, pneumoconiosis, and other occupational lung diseases. There were no obvious symptoms in the early stage of the patient. As the disease progressed or there were complications, symptoms and signs such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, chest pain, cough, and expectoration were present.

Almost all countries in the world have dust hazards, especially in developing countries. In China, pneumoconiosis is a major disease that jeopardizes the health of workers exposed to dust. According to our country's experience in dust prevention and control for many years, effective prevention of pneumoconiosis requires comprehensive measures, including organizational measures, technical measures, and health care measures, and concludes that the eight-character comprehensive dust-prevention measure is

(1) Leather, that is, process reform and technological innovation, this is the fundamental way to eliminate dust hazards;
(2) Water, ie wet operation, prevents dust from flying. Reduce environmental dust concentrations;
(3) Wind, ventilation and ventilation measures shall be adopted. Mechanical ventilation measures shall be adopted to remove dusty air from the workplace and send fresh air to the workplace in the closed and semi-closed dust concentration operating areas.
(4) Density, the dust-generating source shall be sealed, the dust-generating equipment shall be covered and sealed as far as possible, combined with the exhaust air, and discharged into the atmosphere after dust-removal treatment;
(5) Protection, that is, personal protection can wear dust masks as an auxiliary protective measure;
(6) Management, maintenance management;
(7) Check and regularly check the concentration of dust in the ambient air and the regular physical examination of the contacts;
(8) Teaching, strengthening publicity and education Adopting comprehensive dust control measures and strictly controlling the concentration of dust in the air are the fundamental measures for preventing pneumoconiosis.

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