The ammoniation treatment of straw is to mix the ammoniating agent into the straw in a certain proportion, and under the condition of sealing, the ammonia and the organic matter in the straw are chemically reacted, thereby improving the nutritional value of the straw and improving the palatability. And digestibility.
Ammonia treatment, from the source of ammonia with ammoniating agents, mainly include: liquid ammonia, urea, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia. Theoretically speaking, it is most economical to use liquid ammonia as the ammonia source; however, since liquid nitrogen has many problems in transportation and storage, it is rarely used at present. In fact, it is more common to use urea as an ammonia source.
From the ammoniation method, there are three types of ammoniating furnaces, ammoniated reactors (垛X ammoniated plastic bags, etc.) (there are also a certain equipment conditions for the ammoniating pit and ammoniating hydrazine, and the heat source is required. Mainly for electricity, the price is high, it is difficult to promote and apply in rural areas. The ammoniated reactor (垛) and ammoniated plastic bags are more convenient to operate and more economical, which is a popular method in the north.
(1) Ammonia heap (åž›) method: Select the leeward sunny and high-lying site, first lay the bottom with plastic cloth, then lay the straw with the water content adjusted to about 20% layer by layer, and then cover the plastic tightly on the top and the periphery. The cloth is tightly tied with a rope, and the ammonia hole is left on the upper side of the wind (the plastic cloth is broken and the ammonia tube is inserted into the straw pile, and the liquid nitrogen (containing 98% of ammonia) is injected at 3% of the weight of the straw, and the ammonia is sealed. Because the liquid nitrogen is corrosive, it should be paid special attention to safety during operation; when passing ammonia, it is necessary to be responsible by the person, and fireworks are strictly prohibited to avoid explosion. Always check the plastic sheet to prevent damage and leakage and affect ammoniation. After the completion of the ammoniation process (usually 5 to 15 C at 4 to 8 weeks, the plastic cloth should be opened before the X feeding, so that the ammonia smell can be lost, then it can be taken. It is not necessary to open it so that the residual ammonia can fully play its role.
(2) Ammonia method of plastic bag: the straw is shortened, sprayed with 10% ammonia solution O00 kg water and 10 kg urea), then it can be put into a plastic bag and packed with the compaction until it is full. So far, the bag mouth is tied with a rope and can be stored in the open air. Generally, 30 to 40 kg of ammoniated liquid is needed for 100 kg of straw.
(3) Urea ammoniated wheat straw: 30 kg of urea aqueous solution is added to each 100 kg of wheat straw (water 30 kg A6% nitrogenous urea 3 kg mixed and mixed uniformly, put into the cement kiln, sealed with plastic film seal, summer 7 ~ 10 days, 20 days in spring and autumn, 30 to 40 days in winter, can be opened, and the remaining ammonia is released to feed the cattle.
Ammonia treatment, from the source of ammonia with ammoniating agents, mainly include: liquid ammonia, urea, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia. Theoretically speaking, it is most economical to use liquid ammonia as the ammonia source; however, since liquid nitrogen has many problems in transportation and storage, it is rarely used at present. In fact, it is more common to use urea as an ammonia source.
From the ammoniation method, there are three types of ammoniating furnaces, ammoniated reactors (垛X ammoniated plastic bags, etc.) (there are also a certain equipment conditions for the ammoniating pit and ammoniating hydrazine, and the heat source is required. Mainly for electricity, the price is high, it is difficult to promote and apply in rural areas. The ammoniated reactor (垛) and ammoniated plastic bags are more convenient to operate and more economical, which is a popular method in the north.
(1) Ammonia heap (åž›) method: Select the leeward sunny and high-lying site, first lay the bottom with plastic cloth, then lay the straw with the water content adjusted to about 20% layer by layer, and then cover the plastic tightly on the top and the periphery. The cloth is tightly tied with a rope, and the ammonia hole is left on the upper side of the wind (the plastic cloth is broken and the ammonia tube is inserted into the straw pile, and the liquid nitrogen (containing 98% of ammonia) is injected at 3% of the weight of the straw, and the ammonia is sealed. Because the liquid nitrogen is corrosive, it should be paid special attention to safety during operation; when passing ammonia, it is necessary to be responsible by the person, and fireworks are strictly prohibited to avoid explosion. Always check the plastic sheet to prevent damage and leakage and affect ammoniation. After the completion of the ammoniation process (usually 5 to 15 C at 4 to 8 weeks, the plastic cloth should be opened before the X feeding, so that the ammonia smell can be lost, then it can be taken. It is not necessary to open it so that the residual ammonia can fully play its role.
(2) Ammonia method of plastic bag: the straw is shortened, sprayed with 10% ammonia solution O00 kg water and 10 kg urea), then it can be put into a plastic bag and packed with the compaction until it is full. So far, the bag mouth is tied with a rope and can be stored in the open air. Generally, 30 to 40 kg of ammoniated liquid is needed for 100 kg of straw.
(3) Urea ammoniated wheat straw: 30 kg of urea aqueous solution is added to each 100 kg of wheat straw (water 30 kg A6% nitrogenous urea 3 kg mixed and mixed uniformly, put into the cement kiln, sealed with plastic film seal, summer 7 ~ 10 days, 20 days in spring and autumn, 30 to 40 days in winter, can be opened, and the remaining ammonia is released to feed the cattle.
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