Director of Standard Quality Department of China Textile Machinery Industry Association Li Yi / Wen
Equipment, dyeing materials and processes constitute the three elements of printing and dyeing production. For the development of printing and dyeing industry, the three elements are indispensable. Printing and dyeing equipment has gone through decades of development, its mechanical structure and process have been relatively stable, and future development will focus on the application of numerical control technology, which will open a door to the future for the ancient printing and dyeing industry.
In China's textile industry system, the printing and dyeing industry has a long history, and the printing and dyeing equipment manufacturing industry has followed its development path of decades. Last year, the output of printing and dyeing fabrics in China reached 60.1 billion meters. Some people say that the output of Chinese printing and dyeing fabrics can account for more than 40% of the world.
Most of the printing and dyeing cloths produced in China are produced by continuous printing and dyeing equipment. Intermittent printing and dyeing equipment is mostly used to produce small-volume, high-grade products. The dyeing and finishing of knitted fabrics also uses batch equipment. Since continuous printing and dyeing equipment can solve the problem of printing and dyeing large quantities of textiles, we are also paying more attention to its development.
At present, the development of woven fabric continuous printing and dyeing equipment has reached a quiet period, and the manufacturing technology has been relatively mature. The equipment process and unit structure determined by the 74-type equipment have been able to adapt to most printing and dyeing processes after more than 20 years of improvement. The applicability and versatility of the equipment are getting stronger and stronger. At present, there are many enterprises producing printing and dyeing equipment, but there are not many breakthroughs in mechanical structure and mechanical performance indicators. The driving force for innovation is getting weaker and weaker, and the products are increasingly homogenized.
The continuous bleaching and washing equipment for knitted fabrics has been developed in recent years. It is a high-efficiency new continuous dyeing and finishing equipment that can adapt to the production of large quantities of knitted fabrics. Nowadays people are choosing more and more knitted garments, and the output of knitted fabrics is increasing year by year. Conventional knitwear is rarely used in continuous washing equipment, mostly in dyeing tanks, with low production efficiency and special water consumption. The use of continuous bleaching and washing equipment can effectively reduce water consumption by 1/3. However, due to the traditional knitting process, producers are reluctant to change the process, resulting in slower application of continuous knitting and dyeing equipment. There is no Chinese product in the market of continuous wet finishing equipment for wool fabrics. Due to its high manufacturing precision requirements, the demand is small, making it difficult for domestic enterprises to establish a foothold in this field. In the next few years, the promotion and improvement of continuous bleaching and washing equipment is a challenging task.
In short, the continuous transformation of production equipment that has been matured and widely used is one of the main tasks during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period in the textile machinery field.
In recent years, new technologies and new concepts have been produced, some have been put into use, and some technologies are still in the ivory tower. For example, new technologies such as plasma desizing and ultrasonic washing have been under trial for many years. The problem is not a substitute for more practical traditional techniques. An effective way to improve on traditional equipment is to introduce automated system monitoring techniques.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the online detection and control technology of printing and dyeing equipment developed rapidly. Some enterprises, such as Hangzhou Open Source, Changzhou Hongda and Xi’an Degao, are in the industry in the research and development of printing and dyeing process parameters online detection and control technology. At the forefront, some new products have been released and have achieved gratifying results. The online monitoring of printing and dyeing equipment is a bright spot in the future development of the industry. It has a good effect on the quality of stable fabric processing, energy saving and emission reduction, and cost control.
After several years of research and development, the domestic online printing and dyeing process parameter detection and control system has solved various monitoring problems such as tension control, multi-unit precise synchronization, PH value detection, concentration detection, moisture regain detection and control, and research and development. Out of the mercerizing machine lye concentration detection and alkali addition system, dye additive automatic distribution system, based on machine vision technology, rotary screen printing machine automatic high-speed flower system, shaping machine drying room humidity detection and exhaust control system and many other advanced High-tech products. The application of new technologies effectively reduces energy consumption and water consumption in printing and dyeing production, saving production costs. Accurate distribution of dyes and auxiliaries reduces waste of dyeing materials and reduces pollution. In addition to ensuring the quality of the print, the automatic application of the flower system reduces the fabric loss caused by visual inspection of the flower. A continuous dyeing machine with a monitoring system significantly reduces chromatic aberration.
Some high-tech printing and dyeing systems that have been in existence for many years are still being improved and improved, and have become a living force in the printing and dyeing equipment industry. The most representative ones are computer inkjet printing machines and computer direct network equipment. The printing speed of inkjet printers has grown from 30 square meters per hour to 140 square meters per hour a few years ago and is still evolving towards higher speed indicators. The machine is no longer satisfied as a small prototype, but has become a special and important production equipment, forming a large number of high-end fabric manufacturers to meet special needs. The computer direct network equipment sent the manual draft into the museum, which greatly improved the precision of the printing network. After the introduction of inkjet and wax-jet netting machines, laser-making equipment has been developed, and the industry standard for direct-made net-making machines has also been formulated.
With the gradual application of new technologies and new systems in the industry, the benefits they bring will gradually emerge. Automation technology, control technology and computer technology are leading the development of the printing and dyeing equipment industry, which will bring a bright future to the printing and dyeing industry.
An effective way to improve on traditional equipment is to introduce automated system monitoring techniques. The online monitoring of printing and dyeing equipment is a bright spot in the future development of the industry. It has a good effect on stabilizing fabric processing quality, energy saving and emission reduction, and cost control.
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