Abstract The State Council recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Resolving the Contradictions of Severe Overcapacity", clearly stating that within five years, it will focus on the severe overcapacity of five major industries, including steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, flat glass and ships. In response to this task, the Deputy Secretary of the Industrial Policy Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology...
The State Council recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Resolving the Contradictions of Severe Overcapacity", clearly stating that within five years, it will focus on the severe overcapacity of five major industries, including steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, flat glass and ships. In response to this task, Miao Changxing, deputy director of the Industrial Policy Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, told the reporter, "We will properly handle the construction and construction of illegal production capacity, eliminate backward production capacity and guide excess capacity to withdraw from work, and accelerate the promotion of enterprises. The merger and reorganization, the improvement and the improvement of the industry, and the rational and orderly transfer of the industry will be effectively implemented. For these five industries with serious overcapacity, we will carry out selective, focused and targeted solutions according to the characteristics of the industry." Uniform cleaning of access specifications
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will clean up the unified specifications and access conditions for the completed steel, electrolytic aluminum, cement and flat glass projects. If it is not possible, it will be rectified, and it will be phased out after the rectification.
According to statistics, at the end of 2012, China's steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, flat glass, and ship capacity utilization rates are significantly lower than the international average level, and there are still a number of projects under construction and proposed construction in these industries with severe overcapacity. Overcapacity is intensifying. .
In this regard, Miao Changxing analyzed that there are many reasons for the serious overcapacity in China. Some enterprises are too optimistic about market expectations, blind investment, and increased capacity expansion; some industries have extensive development methods and have not formed an industrial development pattern dominated by superior and strong enterprises. Leading to disorderly competition and duplication of construction in the industry; some places are too eager to pursue development speed, rely too much on investment, and promote repeated investment and capacity expansion. At the same time, it also includes factors such as the lag in the market-oriented reform of resource elements, and the weak guidance and constraints of policies, planning, standards, and environmental protection.
“Strengthening industry norms and access management will become an important criterion for clearing up the built capacity.†Luo Tiejun, deputy director of the Raw Materials Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that this time the overcapacity will be resolved and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will build steel. On the basis of previous work, electrolytic aluminum, cement and flat glass projects are uniformly cleaned up with specifications and access conditions to meet the normal development of enterprises with standardization and access conditions. If they fail to achieve the rectification, they will not be rectified. The arrival is going to be phased out.
Different from the previous administrative examination and approval, access and standardized management is a combination of government management and market mechanism, focusing on quality, environmental protection and energy consumption to regulate enterprises, promoting industrial policies and land, environmental protection, finance, energy, and progress. The linkage of export and Other policies will create an open, fair and just market competition environment, promote the survival of the fittest, and accelerate the overcapacity.
In recent years, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has embarked on the standardization and access work of key industries, and put forward basic requirements for existing enterprises and new projects in terms of product quality and environmental protection.
According to reports, in May this year, the first batch of 45 steel enterprises that met the requirements of the standard were announced. After the cement industry started its access management for one year, 312 new dry-process cement production lines have been announced, and 125 production lines will be announced. 27% of the total production capacity; the flat glass industry started to enter the management for more than 2 years, has announced 116 production lines, accounting for 52% of float glass production capacity. "In July this year, the newly revised "Aluminum Industry Standard Conditions" was also officially released, and is currently being organized and implemented, and strive to announce a batch before the end of the year." Luo Tiejun revealed.
Focus on curbing capacity expansion
Among the newly added capacity, the focus of steel should be controlled in environmentally sensitive areas such as Beijing and Tianjin. The focus of electrolytic aluminum and cement should be controlled in some western provinces. Flat glass is mainly used to control the eastern coastal areas.
Among the main tasks of the "Guiding Opinions on Resolving the Contradictions of Severe Overcapacity", the first thing to propose is to resolutely curb the blind expansion of production capacity. In this regard, Luo Tiejun said that the focus will be on three levels to effectively curb capacity expansion. First, it is strictly forbidden to build new capacity projects, and it must be resolutely stopped. Second, strict control of projects under construction, "projects that are necessary to be built", The application is submitted by the local government; the third is that the completion of the production capacity is mainly to rectify and improve the transformation.
From the regional perspective, in the new capacity, the steel should focus on controlling environmentally sensitive areas such as Beijing and Tianjin. The electrolytic aluminum and cement should focus on controlling some western provinces, and the flat glass is mainly to control the eastern coastal areas.
From the perspective of the industry, the key measures to resolve overcapacity are different for different characteristics of different industries.
According to the "Opinions", the steel industry will focus on promoting the total capacity of compressed steel production in Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Jiangxi and other regions by integrating the dispersion of steel production capacity, promoting the relocation of urban steel plants, and optimizing the industrial layout. the above.
According to reports, at present, Shandong Province's steel industry structure adjustment plan has been approved by the State Council, Hebei Province's steel industry structure adjustment program is being studied. According to the plan, the total reduction of steel production capacity in the two provinces after structural adjustment is about 80 million tons. The targets of Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Jiangxi and other provinces are to keep the total steel production capacity unchanged.
"In the future, we will vigorously promote the comprehensive replacement of low-quality steel materials for high-performance steel materials, promote product upgrades and consumption upgrades of steel materials, and focus on construction, shipbuilding, electrical steel and other fields," said Luo Tiejun.
Elimination and development
Pay more attention to the use of development methods to resolve excess capacity, establish a capacity reduction or reduction system, and alleviate the contradiction between local economic development and elimination of backwardness
"In order to resolve the overcapacity, the "Opinions" put forward many measures, among which the improvement of environmental protection and energy consumption standards is a bright spot." Miao Changxing said.
According to Yang Tiesheng, deputy director of the Department of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, he will increase enforcement of penalties by increasing energy consumption and pollutant discharge standards, speeding up the elimination of a batch of backward production capacity, and stepping up the formulation and revision of energy consumption limit standards for unit products. Piloting in industries such as calcium carbide and ferroalloys, exploring ways and measures to promote backward production capacity and excess capacity withdrawal with mandatory energy consumption quota standards; strictly implementing special emission limit requirements, using differential electricity prices, punitive electricity prices, and water price differential pricing policies Give full play to the role of legal and economic means in eliminating backward production capacity.
The elimination of backward production capacity will gradually change from the current equipment size to the energy consumption and environmental protection standards. Taking the electrolytic aluminum industry as an example, if the AC power consumption of electrolytic aluminum liquid is higher than the national average of more than 400 kWh, that is, the electrolytic aluminum price of more than 13,700 kWh is implemented, and the production capacity of 160,000 amps or less is eliminated. The production capacity of 4 million tons of electrolytic aluminum has gradually withdrawn from the market. After the target is achieved, the utilization rate of electrolytic aluminum capacity is expected to increase to 84%. The "Opinions" clearly stated that the differential electricity price policy of 10% of the high-energy electrolytic aluminum electricity price on the basis of the standard electricity price will promote enterprises to accelerate technological progress and eliminate backward production capacity.
Under the current situation of severe overcapacity, it is necessary to prevent disorderly expansion and to consider the needs of local development of the economy and industrial upgrading. Therefore, the Opinions pay more attention to the use of development methods to resolve excess capacity and propose to establish capacity equalization or reduction. The system of quantity replacement will alleviate the contradiction between local economic development and elimination of backwardness, and mobilize local enthusiasm.
“Equivalent replacement means that if a new project is to be launched, it must eliminate a batch of projects in the same amount, so as to ensure that the total capacity does not increase.†Miao Changxing revealed that the implementation of capacity replacement in key industries will be introduced as soon as possible to guide local steel, Electrolytic aluminum and other industries with serious overcapacity projects to develop capacity replacement plans, implement equal or reduced replacement, improve the benign interaction mechanism of elimination and development, mobilize local and enterprise enthusiasm, and strive to eliminate more batch capacity; support cross Regional capacity replacement, encourage local governments to actively explore government-led, voluntary, and market-oriented capacity replacement index transactions, to solve the problem of insufficient or reduced replacement indicators for provincial and municipal construction projects.
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