Machining is one of the most widely used machining methods in machining. At present, the final formation of parts is still based on machining. Tool damage during cutting is both worn and broken. The wear of the tool is caused by the strong friction between the workpiece-tool-chip contact area, and the material of the tool surface (front and back flank) is gradually taken away by the chip or the workpiece. The wear form of the tool includes the rake face wear (crater wear). , flank wear, boundary wear, tool tip wear, etc. The damage of the tool is caused by the improper design, manufacture and use of the tool or the damage of the tool (especially some brittle tool materials such as ceramic tools) due to the cutting force. The tool breakage is broken early and late, and there are chipping, peeling, breaking and Cracks and other forms. Tool wear and damage will affect the machining accuracy of the parts and the quality of the machined surface. In severe cases, it will cause cutting flutter, damage to machine tools, tools and workpieces, affecting cutting efficiency, quality and increasing production costs. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the causes of tool damage and take corresponding measures to avoid excessive wear and tear of the tool.
Tool wear and damage are caused by mechanical friction, adhesion, chipping, crushing and plastic deformation under the action of cutting force and cutting temperature. The reason is very complicated, which is the comprehensive result of mechanical, thermal and chemical action. The variety of tool damage forms and the complexity of the causes make it difficult to analyze the causes of different damage forms of the tool and propose corresponding solutions. The development of computer and database technology has made it possible to establish a computer-aided analysis system for tool damage. The tool damage form computer-aided analysis system uses computer and database technology, which brings together the forms and causes of tool damage in various cutting processes such as general turning, thread turning, milling, drilling, etc., and can obtain text and graphic data, and can be added. Database operations such as deletions, modifications, etc.; depending on the tool damage form, you can quickly retrieve the cause of the tool damage and recommend solutions or improvements.
2 system structure design
data structure
Tool Damage Form The structure of each piece of data in the computer-aided analysis system database includes:
Tool damage form number (ID);
Tool damage form type (type);
Tool damage form consequence (result);
Tool damage form reason (reason);
Solution
Tool damage form image access path (directory).
Database structure design
Database structure design is the key to the efficient and correct operation of the database system. Database structure design should avoid redundancy and inconsistency and facilitate the design of the application. According to different processing methods, the tool damage form database system currently designs and builds the following four sub-libraries:
Ordinary turning tool damage library;
Thread turning tool damage library;
Milling tool damage library;
Drilling tool damage library.
Sub-libraries of other machining processes can also be added as needed.
3 system function design
Figure 1 Block diagram of the tool damage form computer aided analysis system
Because the modular design method can minimize the coupling between modules and enhance the portability, expandability and maintainability of the software, the tool damage form database management system has four functional modules:
Management and maintenance module;
Data query module;
Image processing module;
Input module and output module.
These four modules are managed by the main control module, and the structure level is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 2 data query module
Database management and maintenance function module
In order to make the system continuously updated and improved, the system has designed a management and maintenance function module, which can perform operations such as data addition, data deletion, and data modification.
Data query module
This module is the core part of the computer-aided analysis system for tool damage. Its main function is to quickly and accurately query the cause and countermeasure of a certain damage form of the tool. The module adopts a man-machine dialogue mode to guide the user to make a correct selection and obtain a corresponding solution. For user convenience, the module also has a help function. The operation of the data query module is shown in Figure 2. For example, to query the "crater wear" problem of the tool in the normal turning process, select the normal turning in the processing mode tab control, and then select "the crescent wear" in the data window control. At this time, the corresponding tool crater wear image is displayed in the picture control on the right to verify the correctness of the selection. At the same time, it shows the consequences of the crater wear caused by the tool and the causes and specific solutions of the crater wear (see figure 3). Solutions include the selection of tool materials, cutting parameters, and the use of coolants.
Image processing module
In order to provide users with more detailed information and guide the user to correctly select the tool damage form, the system provides the user with images of various damage forms of the tool. In application development, an image is displayed by calling the corresponding image path stored in the database.
Figure 3 data query interface
Output function module
In order to facilitate the user's use of data, an output function module is designed, which can be printed and output according to user requirements.
4 Conclusion
Tool damage form The computer aided analysis system uses computer and database technology to analyze the cause of tool damage and propose improvements. Tool damage form The computer-aided analysis system adopts modular design and has good maintainability and expandability. The system has friendly interface, simple operation, intuitive and accurate query and strong practicability. The application of the system helps to grasp the characteristics of tool damage, and is of great significance for the reasonable selection of tool materials, cutting conditions, improving production efficiency and ensuring processing quality.
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