The birth of synthetic diamonds marks the scientific research ability and level of the Chinese people. After obtaining the major scientific and technological achievements in the development of synthetic diamonds, industrial production has become an urgent problem to be solved. In April 1965, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry officially issued the “Procedures on the Intermediate Test Plan for Synthetic Diamonds†approved by the State Science and Technology Commission, which required the establishment of a synthetic diamond intermediate test base in the Abrasives Grinding Research Institute. The units participating in the intermediate test are the Institute of Machinery Industry, Institute of Abrasives (Zhengzhou), Institute of Foundry and Forging Machinery (Jinan), Materials Research Institute (Shanghai), Institute of Grinding Abrasives Fully responsible, and responsible for the synthesis process, raw material processing technology, product sorting process and physical and chemical inspection methods. The Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute is responsible for the design and trial production of the six-faced ultra-high pressure synthesis device. The Materials Research Institute is responsible for the hard alloy top. The research and development of the anvil. In August 1965, the Institute of Foundry and Forging Machinery actively cooperated with the Institute of Abrasives Grinding and Grinding to successfully manufacture the first 6×6MN DS-023 hinged six-sided anvil ultra-high pressure and high-temperature diamond synthesis device in China. At the beginning of the special diamond synthesis device, the Institute of Abrasives Grinding sent relevant scientific and technical personnel to the Institute of Foundry and Forging Machinery to participate in the commissioning and conduct the synthetic process test. During the process test, all parties worked closely to improve the structure of the anvil and the adjustment of the synchronization mechanism. The method compensates for the lack of synchronism in the filling process, improves the operation method, basically solves the phenomenon that the sample is punched out (the problem of high pressure chamber explosion), ensures the sealing of the high pressure chamber, and satisfies the synthetic process test. At the same time, the experimental work of raw materials and auxiliary materials such as graphite, catalyst alloy and pyrophyllite, the processing technology of post anvil processing, post-processing and grading of products are completed, and all technical data required for intermediate test identification are proposed. On June 7, 1966, the six-face top synthesis device was started from Jinan. On the 10th, it arrived at the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute. On July 3, 1966, it was put into a synthetic test. The scientific and technical personnel and workers who participated in the trial were all energetic and enthusiastic, carrying forward the spirit of hard work and self-reliance. The earth-moving team created the conditions, and it was hard to make dozens of kilograms of pyrophyllite by hand sawing and hand grinding to make the test block that meets the requirements. The old-fashioned and waste-made self-made cutting machine, the test stick assembly mold, the boring tool, the grinding steel ring machine, etc., and the electrolysis device and the diamond sorting equipment were also improved. In the same year, a full intermediate test was conducted and 10,000 carats of synthetic diamond were produced. The intermediate test task of synthetic diamond was completed, which is another major progress after the birth of synthetic diamond in China. In October 1966, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry approved the construction of China's first artificial diamond plant, the sixth grinding wheel factory, in the suburb of Guiyang, Guizhou Province. The plant was built by the second grinding wheel factory and was ground by abrasives. The institute provides a full range of process design and technical information, closely cooperates with the design department for process layout, and trains technicians and workers for the plant without reservation and responsibility. At the same time, it was promoted to more than ten factories in China, such as the first grinding wheel factory, the second grinding wheel factory, the Shanghai grinding wheel factory, the Suzhou grinding wheel factory, the Harbin grinding wheel factory and the Wuhan 712 factory. The sixth wheel factory was partially put into operation in 1970 and was completed and put into production in 1974. It produced 360,000 carats of diamonds that year. This is the first professional manufacturer of superhard materials and products that relies entirely on its own strength and possesses all intellectual property rights. It fills a gap in China's industry and marks the beginning of a new industry in China. It is no exaggeration to say that this is another leap after China has solved the existence of synthetic diamonds. It laid the foundation for the take-off of China's superhard materials industry. The successful development of synthetic diamonds and industrial production have greatly encouraged Chinese scientists and technicians. The Abrasives Grinding Research Institute successfully developed China's first cubic boron nitride (CBN) in 1967 and put it into production in 1974. CBN is a kind of superhard material that is very effective for the processing of hard and tough materials such as iron-based alloys. This is another important progress in the research of superhard materials in China. At the same time as the development of synthetic diamond, the Institute of Abrasives Grinding of the First Ministry of Machinery Industry carried out research and development of products. In 1964, it successfully developed the first resin and metal bond grinding wheel in China, which is the superhard material product of China. beginning. From July 30th to August 4th, 1970, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry held the "Great Particle Synthetic Diamond Organization Battle Symposium" in Zhengzhou, proposing to design and trial a single-cylinder 5,000-ton six-sided top synthetic press to adapt The need to develop large particle synthetic diamonds. This type of 6×50MN synthetic press was installed in 1972, but it was not put into production due to the hard alloy top hammer. However, the idea of ​​expanding the tonnage of the press and increasing the volume of the pressure chamber can still be used for reference. On October 2, 1970, Comrade Li Xiannian, then Vice Premier of the State Council, visited 152 Beijing (Beijing Artificial Crystal Institute). Later, the State Council established the National Diamond Leading Group, and the team leader was the first Ministry of Machinery Industry. Comrade Zhou Zijian, deputy minister, served as the deputy head of the group, and was appointed by the Minister of Building Materials, Bai Xiangyin, and unified the national diamond production by the Ministry of Machinery Industry. In September 1971, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry hosted the National Diamond Conference in Zhengzhou. The experts who studied synthetic diamond synthetic process equipment, processes, raw materials and other aspects gathered in Zhengzhou to discuss the development of China's diamond industry. Comrade Zhou Zijian Visit the meeting in person and encourage the experts to engage in the diamond industry in China. This meeting can be said to be the mobilization meeting for the development of the synthetic diamond industry in China. It has promoted the comprehensive development of China's diamond industry. Since then, synthetic diamond has blossomed everywhere in China. It should be specially pointed out here that the Beijing Institute of Artificial Crystals (formerly 152) and other units have devoted great efforts to the experimental research of the two-side synthesis equipment and process in China, so that the two-side synthesis process and equipment in China have entered. The practical stage of production and continuous improvement will play an important role in the development of China's superhard materials industry from large to strong.
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