The building energy-saving operation and transformation needs to be based on the acquisition of building energy information such as lighting, fire protection, air conditioning, etc. Before the data is received for analysis, the transmission of various energy-using data is a key issue. The transmission mainly adopts integrated wiring, and a large number of cables are arranged in the building for transmission. This method has the disadvantages of complicated construction, high cost, and affecting the internal beauty of the building. This is determined by the inherent defects of the wired transmission mode, and the wireless transmission method can be used. Effectively overcome. Compared with traditional wireless transmission methods such as CDMA, GPRS, and WLAN, the WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology, which is the basis of the Internet of Things, is more suitable for the application of building energy information transmission.
WSN is the abbreviation of wireless sensor network, which is wireless sensor network. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a multi-hop self-organizing network system composed of a large number of inexpensive micro sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area. The purpose is to collaboratively sense, collect and The information of the perceived object in the network coverage area is processed and sent to the observer. Sensors, sensing objects, and observers form the three elements of a wireless sensor network.
Applicability of WSN in building energy consumption monitoring
The overall structure of the building energy consumption monitoring platform is shown in Figure 1. The WSN technology is used for networking at the data collection end of the system. The entire WSN network consists of several terminal collectors and a convergence collector. The terminal collector of the WSN is generally referred to as an acquisition node, and the aggregation collector is referred to as a convergence node. The collection node is responsible for data collection and transmission, and sets the corresponding working mode according to the control commands of the aggregation node; the aggregation node is the center of the network, functions as a coordinator and a gateway node, and the aggregation node is responsible for the maintenance and data of the entire regional network. The collection, then upload the data to the superior data center or transfer station via Internet/GSM/CDMA. The biggest feature of the system is that it collects information based on WSN technology, and uses WSN nodes and electricity meters to connect with energy-using equipment, and automatically collects real-time data such as electricity, water, gas, and cold heat distributed in various places through wireless self-organizing network. Users can monitor the operation data of on-site energy-consuming equipment at any time, and provide the basis for the future development of energy-saving feedback control system to optimize energy supply, improve energy management, improve energy utilization, reduce energy consumption, and save energy costs.
The building energy consumption monitoring system based on WSN technology belongs to the intersection of WSN and energy saving. With WSN and computer information processing as the core of technology, an advanced and powerful information collection and processing platform is built. The system is suitable for all kinds of existing and new buildings. The system is convenient for networking, does not occupy space, and does not require integrated wiring construction. The project implementation is quick and convenient.
Among various wireless sensor network technologies, ZigBee's self-organizing network capability and high-capacity characteristics make it very suitable for the application of building energy monitoring system. In the construction of energy consumption monitoring and collecting end with scattered nodes, numerous numbers and low-rate transmission. It has obvious advantages and is currently the most suitable technology for data transmission of building energy monitoring systems.
In addition to convenient, secure and reliable networking, ZigBee also features low transmission rate, low power consumption, high capacity and low cost. ZigBee is ideal for networks with a large number of end devices, such as energy monitoring, building automation and more.
Introduction to WSN Building Energy Dynamic Monitoring System
In order to implement the construction of the national building energy consumption dynamic monitoring platform and cooperate with the construction of Zhejiang provincial energy consumption monitoring platform, Hangzhou Jiahe Intelligent Control Co., Ltd. has developed a set of building energy consumption dynamic monitoring system based on wireless sensor network technology. It realizes the basic functions of real-time collection, transmission, preliminary analysis, scheduled fixed-point uploading of building energy consumption data, and has strong scalability. The system can also realize remote monitoring of indoor temperature and humidity, analyze real-time temperature and humidity changes in the room, and cooperate with energy-saving operation management. The system has the following major functions:
1. Energy consumption data collection function - real-time automatic acquisition of energy consumption data of various energy-consuming equipment;
2. Wireless intranet transmission - using wireless intranet transmission to connect the data collection, monitoring center and user terminal media;
3. Data display, statistics, analysis and early warning functions - energy-consuming equipment operation data is visually displayed in the form of charts, etc., and real-time curves, real-time data reports, historical curves, daily and monthly annual reports, etc. are automatically generated;
4. Report function - output various relevant reports and print according to the "Statistical Report System for Energy Consumption of Civil Buildings (Trial)";
5. Comprehensive evaluation function - measure the energy consumption of each energy-consuming equipment, calculate the energy efficiency of each sub-metering system, obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the energy-consuming system, and implement energy optimization configuration through analysis and comparison.
Advantages of WSN in building energy consumption dynamic monitoring system
The wireless internal network building energy consumption dynamic monitoring system has multiple advantages:
1. The intranet networking is flexible, and the sensing nodes can be added or decreased at any time;
2. No need for integrated wiring, reduce engineering and wiring costs, and increase installation speed;
3. Convergence with multiple communication backbone networks to facilitate remote monitoring by users;
4. The wireless sensor terminal is small in size, low in power consumption, and low in price;
5. Automatically form a communication internal network according to the wireless sensor network protocol;
6. The system is easy to maintain, and failure of any node will not affect the system work;
7. Have local data storage to ensure data integrity;
8. Reducing the amount of construction caused by building energy consumption and environmental monitoring systems and the impact of integrated wiring on the environment, reducing investment and construction time, especially for existing buildings or facilities
WSN building energy consumption monitoring object
1. The first is the office building and large public buildings of state organs. The large public buildings refer to public buildings with a building area of ​​over 20,000 square meters and central air-conditioning, or public buildings with an area of ​​less than 20,000 square meters but high energy consumption. One of the characteristics of such buildings is the high energy density. According to statistics, at present, China's large-scale public buildings (including government office buildings) consume 10-20 times of the annual electricity consumption per unit area. Environmental monitoring of public buildings has also been on the agenda, mainly indoor temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration. The competent national authorities have mandated that the indoor temperature in summer should not be lower than 26oC and the winter temperature should not be higher than 20oC.
Self-organizing network process
For an energy monitoring area, the WSN network includes a ZigBee aggregation node and several ZigBee collection nodes. The aggregation node sends the time-scale frame at intervals in the communication state. The collection node in the communication range of the aggregation node listens to the time-scale frame sent by the aggregation node in the listening state, and determines that the aggregation node is the target parent node. And after the access state is sent to the target parent node in the following access state, a WSN network is formed. A node that has accessed the network indicates its existence to the surrounding nodes by forwarding the time-scale frame. Other nodes that are not in the network are in the listening state, and find the node that has entered the network as its own target parent node, and then in the access state. Join the network through these nodes that first join the network as trunks. By analogy, several ZigBee acquisition nodes and one ZigBee aggregation node form the WSN network. In order to prolong the network lifetime and reduce the power consumption of the node, all nodes will enter the sleep phase periodically, turn off the RF transceiver, keep the ultra-low power operation, save the node energy to the maximum, and wake up the node to resume normal operation after the timer expires. Status and turn on the RF transceiver. All nodes in the WSN network alternately work in the communication phase and the dormancy phase to ensure the network lifetime and communication requirements. Each WSN network data is then sent to the data center for analysis and processing through the wireless network.
WSN implementation advantages
The intranet networking is flexible, and the sensing nodes can be added or decreased at any time;
No need for integrated wiring, reducing engineering and wiring costs, and increasing installation speed;
Converged with a variety of communication backbone networks to facilitate remote monitoring by users;
The WSN terminal is small in size, low in power consumption, and low in price;
Automatically form a communication internal network according to the WSN protocol;
The system is easy to maintain, and failure of any node will not affect the system work;
Local data storage to ensure data integrity;
Reducing the amount of construction caused by building energy consumption and environmental monitoring systems, as well as the impact of integrated wiring on the environment, reducing investment and construction time, especially for existing buildings and facilities.
Equipment transformation method
If the user has an electric meter, a water meter, etc., and has a 485 port, it can be directly connected to the collector. If the existing meter does not support the 485 port, the device needs to be modified and replaced. The final table of each household is finally unified into a multi-function watch with 485 ports. The external collector with wireless sensor module can send data such as power, voltage, current and power factor every 15 minutes. The data acquisition frequency can be flexibly set according to specific needs, and the data acquisition frequency can be adjusted from 15 minutes/time to 1 hour/time.
The principle of equipment transformation: under the premise of certain investment cost and no change of existing distribution lines, aiming at obtaining the energy consumption publicity demand data to the greatest extent, there is no replacement or interference-free installation on the existing distribution branch road.
Fusion application of WSN and communication network
ZigBee technology should be the best solution when the nodes are scattered and the number of networks that require low-rate transmission.
The convergence of WSN and basic communication network has been paid attention by communication operators. At present, China Mobile is working with Shanghai Microsystems to study this topic, and hopes to achieve more comprehensive network coverage through the combination of basic communication network and flexible WSN network. In the construction of the Shanghai World Expo venue, China Mobile cooperated with Shanghai Microsystems and Nokia to use this idea to carry out various applications such as information display of different venues and visitor tracking. In addition, Shanghai Mobile will also use this The fusion idea is applied to the intelligent parking space monitoring business to realize the functions of reservation, statistics and payment for the parking spaces in Shanghai. For some emerging technologies such as WSN, the demonstration application is very important. If the demonstration is done well, it can drive a batch of similar projects to bring more value-added services to the communication operators.
references:
[1]. GPRS datasheet http://
:
[Brightness Upgrade]Compared with the T6, our Led Flashlight brightness has increased by 20% and the illumination distance has increased by 50%. Being made by the world famous CREE Advanced Wick Chip L2, our flashlights can easily light up an entire room or focus in on objects up to 1800 feet away in the dark.
[Power Upgrade]The rechargeable flashlight uses the latest 18650 battery (battery included), USB charging, can be used for more than 6 hours after being fully charged. Our battery has been certified so that you do not have to worry about safety issues.
[2-in-1 Upgrade]To use it with ease, we combine far-light and short-light in one mode, compared with the zoomable, the 2-in-1 is brighter and further, effortless one-handed operation to get bright and long shot light whenever you need it, ideal for use around the house, dog walking, camping.
[5 Modes and Waterproof]The flashlight has 5 useful settings: high / medium / low / Strobe/ SOS. In addition, thanks to the anti-slip ring at the tail, the flashlight is IP65 waterproof and can withstand most extreme weather such as storms and heavy rain.
[Super Durable & Secure]Because of aluminum alloy, it is so powerful that it can be used to prevent disasters and other undesirable conditions. Multiple certifications (FCC, CE, RoHS) and customer service support provided, an ideal gift for your friends and family.
Best Rechargeable Flashlight,Rechargeable Torch Light,Rechargeable Head Torch,Rechargeable Tactical Flashlight
Ningbo Wason Lighting Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.wasonlight.com