Zeng Huiyong, General Manager, Science & Technology Department, Guoneng Bio Power Group: Biomass energy should be regarded as the fourth largest energy source in the world. Biomass energy has always been highly valued internationally, but in our lives, it may not feel that it is the fourth largest energy source, but only the importance of coal, natural gas, and petroleum. However, a United Nations report mentioned that our renewable energy accounts for 13% of the total disposable energy use. Of these 13%, 77% are biomass energy.
Why is China's biomass energy not developed? First of all, the country did not have a very clear idea of ​​this industry or a large-scale development model. Second, the development of a biomass energy chain is very complicated and cumbersome.
Although biomass energy is very old, it has only been used industrially in China for several years. Coal has been developed in China for one or two hundred years and the industrial chain is very mature. But is the cost of coal low? Have you counted the environmental and ecological costs? In contrast, biomass energy can be rejuvenated with spring winds and a year old. Therefore, we must look at the problem with a long-term perspective.
Zhang Yanlin, research director of China Investment Consulting Co., Ltd.: The sources of raw materials and products for biofuels are diverse. Among them, in terms of raw material sources, crop straws, forestry processing residues, organic wastewater waste residues, urban garbage, and energy plants can all be used as raw materials for biofuels; in terms of products, biofuels also have liquid bioethanol and diesel, solid state Prototype and molded fuel, gaseous biogas and other forms of products.
Due to energy shortages and other issues, countries in the world attach great importance to the development of the biofuel industry. At present, in order to promote the further development of the domestic biofuel industry, most countries in the world have formulated corresponding policies and mechanisms. It is expected that with the support of relevant policies of various countries and breakthroughs in key technologies, the production scale of biofuels will be further expanded and its development prospects are more optimistic.
Liu Dehua, director of the Institute of Applied Chemistry at Tsinghua University: During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the state should increase its support for biomass energy and this industry will also develop rapidly. This is the need for China to transform its economic development model, adjust its economic structure, and use renewable resources to promote sustainable development. How to promote the healthy and rapid development of the biomass energy industry? First, the country should vigorously support the research and development of key technologies from the policy level. Such as the second-generation fuel ethanol (cellulose-based ethanol), algae biodiesel, woody oil plant cultivation techniques. In addition, while the government is supporting the tilt of funds, it must also guide more social funds to invest in this industry.
Liu Tianzhong, a researcher at the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: There are many types of options for the development of biofuels in China. As far as our national conditions are concerned, taking algae biofuel as a breakthrough is a better choice.
The state should take measures as soon as possible to promote the development and application of algae biofuels in China. The first is to plan the development of algae biofuels from the national strategic level. The second is to integrate relevant domestic R&D resources and intensify technological research. The third is to increase government investment and encourage large companies to participate in research and development. Fourth, orderly construction of algae biofuel industry system. Fifth, increase government subsidies and plan the sales network of algae biofuels.
Yuan Zhenhong, secretary general of the Biomass Energy Special Committee of the China Renewable Energy Society, said: “To achieve biomass energy development during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, we must work hard from two aspects.
The first is to pay attention to the development of energy plant species and ensure the supply of raw materials for biomass energy. Before the development of biomass energy, it mainly relied on crop stalks and wastes. In the future, it should develop energy plants and take advantage of the relatively large number of marginal lands such as deserts, barren hills and wastelands in China, and carefully cultivate cold-tolerant and heat-tolerant plants and afforestation. The combination of barren hills greening, desert transformation, wind prevention and sand consolidation and other projects will slowly cultivate our country's biomass resources base.
The second is to increase the support of industrial policies, but can not be greedy. Any energy form has its advantages and disadvantages, as do biomass energy. Planting energy plants requires a long-term process. It takes five to six years to grow trees, and it takes 10 or more years to cultivate good varieties. Therefore, policy makers must have a strategic vision and cannot pursue short-term benefits for performance and GDP.
In addition, the state should formulate policies and plans for supporting the development of biomass energy that are long-term and not based on individual will. This can be regulated by laws and ensure the continuity of industrial support policies.
Jiang Kezheng, a researcher at the Energy System Research Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC): At present, domestic airlines and other airlines are hoping to use biofuels to reduce carbon tariffs. Aviation biofuels are the future trend and the market potential is relatively large. Therefore, CNPC and other energy companies have all invested in R&D. It is reported that PetroChina is promoting the industrialization of aviation biofuels.
Although aviation biofuels are known as the development trend of jet fuel, higher economic costs may be a stumbling block to their industrialization. Due to the high cost, it is difficult for aviation biofuels to realize economic benefits in the short term. However, in order to achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions, aviation biofuels are likely to be used on a larger scale in the future. Once the scale of production is increased, its cost may be reduced.
Shi Lishan, deputy director of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Division of the National Energy Administration: Biomass energy must meet the needs of modern energy and must be capable of mass production of products of reasonable quality and reasonable price. It should be developed in accordance with the ideas of industrialization, scale, and specialization. Industrialization means changing the train of thought and developing biomass energy in an industrialized way. Taking biogas as an example, scale refers to actively exploring and promoting the use of large-scale biogas, through purification and compression, and using pipelines to a wider range of rural markets. Specialization refers to the training of specialized investment and service companies to open up markets.
Why is China's biomass energy not developed? First of all, the country did not have a very clear idea of ​​this industry or a large-scale development model. Second, the development of a biomass energy chain is very complicated and cumbersome.
Although biomass energy is very old, it has only been used industrially in China for several years. Coal has been developed in China for one or two hundred years and the industrial chain is very mature. But is the cost of coal low? Have you counted the environmental and ecological costs? In contrast, biomass energy can be rejuvenated with spring winds and a year old. Therefore, we must look at the problem with a long-term perspective.
Zhang Yanlin, research director of China Investment Consulting Co., Ltd.: The sources of raw materials and products for biofuels are diverse. Among them, in terms of raw material sources, crop straws, forestry processing residues, organic wastewater waste residues, urban garbage, and energy plants can all be used as raw materials for biofuels; in terms of products, biofuels also have liquid bioethanol and diesel, solid state Prototype and molded fuel, gaseous biogas and other forms of products.
Due to energy shortages and other issues, countries in the world attach great importance to the development of the biofuel industry. At present, in order to promote the further development of the domestic biofuel industry, most countries in the world have formulated corresponding policies and mechanisms. It is expected that with the support of relevant policies of various countries and breakthroughs in key technologies, the production scale of biofuels will be further expanded and its development prospects are more optimistic.
Liu Dehua, director of the Institute of Applied Chemistry at Tsinghua University: During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the state should increase its support for biomass energy and this industry will also develop rapidly. This is the need for China to transform its economic development model, adjust its economic structure, and use renewable resources to promote sustainable development. How to promote the healthy and rapid development of the biomass energy industry? First, the country should vigorously support the research and development of key technologies from the policy level. Such as the second-generation fuel ethanol (cellulose-based ethanol), algae biodiesel, woody oil plant cultivation techniques. In addition, while the government is supporting the tilt of funds, it must also guide more social funds to invest in this industry.
Liu Tianzhong, a researcher at the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: There are many types of options for the development of biofuels in China. As far as our national conditions are concerned, taking algae biofuel as a breakthrough is a better choice.
The state should take measures as soon as possible to promote the development and application of algae biofuels in China. The first is to plan the development of algae biofuels from the national strategic level. The second is to integrate relevant domestic R&D resources and intensify technological research. The third is to increase government investment and encourage large companies to participate in research and development. Fourth, orderly construction of algae biofuel industry system. Fifth, increase government subsidies and plan the sales network of algae biofuels.
Yuan Zhenhong, secretary general of the Biomass Energy Special Committee of the China Renewable Energy Society, said: “To achieve biomass energy development during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, we must work hard from two aspects.
The first is to pay attention to the development of energy plant species and ensure the supply of raw materials for biomass energy. Before the development of biomass energy, it mainly relied on crop stalks and wastes. In the future, it should develop energy plants and take advantage of the relatively large number of marginal lands such as deserts, barren hills and wastelands in China, and carefully cultivate cold-tolerant and heat-tolerant plants and afforestation. The combination of barren hills greening, desert transformation, wind prevention and sand consolidation and other projects will slowly cultivate our country's biomass resources base.
The second is to increase the support of industrial policies, but can not be greedy. Any energy form has its advantages and disadvantages, as do biomass energy. Planting energy plants requires a long-term process. It takes five to six years to grow trees, and it takes 10 or more years to cultivate good varieties. Therefore, policy makers must have a strategic vision and cannot pursue short-term benefits for performance and GDP.
In addition, the state should formulate policies and plans for supporting the development of biomass energy that are long-term and not based on individual will. This can be regulated by laws and ensure the continuity of industrial support policies.
Jiang Kezheng, a researcher at the Energy System Research Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC): At present, domestic airlines and other airlines are hoping to use biofuels to reduce carbon tariffs. Aviation biofuels are the future trend and the market potential is relatively large. Therefore, CNPC and other energy companies have all invested in R&D. It is reported that PetroChina is promoting the industrialization of aviation biofuels.
Although aviation biofuels are known as the development trend of jet fuel, higher economic costs may be a stumbling block to their industrialization. Due to the high cost, it is difficult for aviation biofuels to realize economic benefits in the short term. However, in order to achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions, aviation biofuels are likely to be used on a larger scale in the future. Once the scale of production is increased, its cost may be reduced.
Shi Lishan, deputy director of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Division of the National Energy Administration: Biomass energy must meet the needs of modern energy and must be capable of mass production of products of reasonable quality and reasonable price. It should be developed in accordance with the ideas of industrialization, scale, and specialization. Industrialization means changing the train of thought and developing biomass energy in an industrialized way. Taking biogas as an example, scale refers to actively exploring and promoting the use of large-scale biogas, through purification and compression, and using pipelines to a wider range of rural markets. Specialization refers to the training of specialized investment and service companies to open up markets.
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