Review of research and development of superhard materials in Shengli Oilfield

I. Institutional evolution

1.1 In the 1970s, it was a period of rapid development in oil exploration and development. In order to speed up the pace of oil exploration and development, the petroleum system decided to develop diamond drill bits. To this end, the 1973 Shengli Oilfield Drilling Technology Research Institute cooperated with the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute to carry out research on polycrystalline diamond scraper bits. After two years of work, the drill manufacturing process has made a breakthrough. In 1975, the company also signed a collaborative project on the manufacturing process of polycrystalline diamond scraper bits for deep wells in Shengli Oilfield. The development of a 78-type high-pressure jet polycrystalline diamond scraper bit was developed. In September 1976, the Shengli Oilfield Battle Command instructed the Drilling Technology Research Institute to establish a synthetic diamond production and production line in order to speed up the development, development and application of diamond drill bits. On September 10, 1976, ten people were sent to the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute to study and immediately started construction. On April 27, 1977, diamond monocrystalline and polycrystalline crystals were produced. A complete diamond production line was built.

1.2 Beginning in January 1978, the project team analyzed the quality and technological level of domestic polycrystalline crystals, learned advanced experience, and the strengths of Bozhong’s family, and made great efforts in the processing of raw materials and heating assembly. Improvement, the quality of polycrystalline crystal has been greatly improved, and the application on the Type 78 diamond scraper bit has achieved obvious results. Especially in May 1979, Shengli Oilfield 32693 drilling team obtained a single in Li-11 well. The drill has a national record of 3,135.78 meters at a time. It has encouraged the entire oil and petroleum sector leadership, enhanced confidence, and determined to accelerate the research and development of oil drill bits, while paying more attention to the research and development of diamond polycrystals. In the organization, in order to meet the needs of the diamond application situation, the diamond development and production system has been continuously adjusted. On July 12, 1984, a diamond workshop was established. On December 20, 1987, a diamond research laboratory was set up, and a diamond workshop was set up. In 1989, foreign analytical instruments were introduced. On the basis of this, an analytical testing center was established.

1.3 As of 1993, the Diamond Research Laboratory conducted 19 research projects to successfully develop nine types of diamond polycrystalline products and three types of diamond single crystal products. In particular, the research results of SL-4 type synthetic diamond polycrystals won the first prize of outstanding achievements in Shengli Oilfield in 1983, the second prize of outstanding achievements of the Ministry of Petroleum in 1984, and the national technology in 1985. Third Prize for Progress; Triangular Polycrystalline Diamond for Drilling, First Prize of Shengli Oilfield in 1987, Second Prize of Science and Technology Progress of China National Petroleum Corporation in 1988, National Science and Technology Progress in 1990 Third prize; high-quality fine-grain single crystal, SMD high-strength diamond, sintered and growing synthetic diamond polycrystalline three products, was awarded the 1993 national key new product by the China Science and Technology Commission; "artificial hard" completed in cooperation with the University of Petroleum The research results of the rock breaking mechanism and design of the material bit were awarded as the top ten scientific and technological achievements of China National Petroleum Corporation in 1993. The application of the oil drill bit has achieved high economic benefits and good technical results, and created the highest record of five national drill bits for petroleum drill bits. In particular, high-quality fine-grain single crystals and triangular shaped polycrystalline crystals have entered the international market and achieved good economic benefits. High-quality fine-grain single crystals were rated as national inspection-free products. All these achievements have attracted the attention of the leaders of the Ministry of Petroleum and Shengli Oilfield. In order to adapt to the new situation of reform and opening up, make full use of the favorable conditions for the development of diamond superhard materials, and develop a science and technology-oriented outward economy. 1991.5 China National Petroleum Corporation and Shengli Oilfield Petroleum Administration decided to establish Shengli Diamond Superhard Materials Research and Development Company. Shengli Petroleum Administration Economic Entity. At that time, there were 120 workers, 42 engineers and technicians, 8 senior titles, 20 intermediate titles, and 14 junior titles. It has fifteen sets of artificial high-pressure high-temperature equipment and 30 sets of various processing equipments. In addition, an analytical research center has been set up, mainly engaged in research and development of super-hard materials. The main equipments are:

a) EPMA-87050 electronic probe one b) O/max-Rc rotating cathode x suspected diffractometer one c) composite piece ultrasonic quality detector one d) DuPont thermal analyzer one

1.4 Leaders of China National Petroleum Corporation, saw the development and application prospects of super-hard materials and products, using the powerful conditions of research and development of superhard materials in Shengli Oilfield and the geographical conditions of Weihai High-tech Development Zone, in Weihai on May 20, 1993. Weihai Huayou Diamond Co., Ltd. was established in the High-tech Development Zone, which is a unit of scientific research and production directly under the head office. From the Shengli Oilfield, Wang Dexin and other six people were responsible for the preparatory establishment. In August 1993, he purchased 11166 square meters of production plants in the high-tech development zone, 1,118 yuan/square meter, and the fee was 12.48 million yuan. The purchase of a science and technology building was 2,459.18 square meters, 2,158 yuan / The square meter, the fee is 5,306,900 yuan, and the sharing fee for the two is 17.79 million yuan. From July 29th to August 1st, 1993, a domestic peer expert consultation symposium was held. 12 experts, professors and relevant leaders of the development zone attended the symposium. The peer experts highly praised the decision-making and courage of the head of the head office and agreed that the guidance Thoughts, development directions, and institutional forms are correct and will play an important role in the development of national superhard materials, and their impact is far-reaching. However, due to various reasons, the company adjusted the Huayou Company in 1997.

Second, scientific and technological achievements, promotion and application

2.1 Development of SL-4 Synthetic Diamond Polycrystal

In 1983, he won the first prize of Shengli Oilfield, won the second prize of outstanding oil achievements in 1984, and won the third prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1985. According to the atomic structure and chemical bond theory, the project has successfully tested and successfully produced a new titanium-boron binder, which replaced the commonly used nickel-silicon bond in China. Based on the characteristics of physicochemical absorption and chemical activity reduction, the binder and diamond raw materials were established. At the same time, the new process of purification treatment; according to the pure diamond sintering curve, the titanium silicon-boron polycrystalline sintering process conditions were established through experiments, and the new SL-4 polycrystalline diamond new process new product was successfully studied.

In November 1983, the Science and Technology Commission of Shengli Oilfield invited more than 90 professors and experts from Jinan to pass the technical appraisal in Jinan, and passed the minutes of the “SL-4 Synthetic Diamond Polycrystal Appraisal Meeting and Academic Symposium”. On November 11, 1983, the Central People’s Broadcasting Station news broadcast program reported the news of the appraisal meeting. On November 27, 1983, the Central People’s Broadcasting Station’s scientific knowledge program introduced SL. -4 The development of polycrystalline diamond.

The results of this work are:

1) The product has a high wear ratio, which exceeds the technical indicators of the oilfield, and is currently at the leading level in China.

2) The product has a wide range of applications and has been applied in the fields of petroleum drill bits, cutting tools and wire drawing dies. From 1981 to 1982, Chengdu Tool Research Institute used 250 welded knives and boring tools made of the polycrystalline silicon to process Si-A1 alloy pistons with a silicon content of 21-23%. The cutting distance of the tool is 313,000m and the tool wear is less than 0.05mm, which has created the highest level of similar cutting tools in China. Excellent results were also observed in the processing of SiO2-containing wear-resistant plastics and SiO2-containing FRP rocket launchers. The wire drawing die made of this product has higher wear resistance than the hard alloy wire drawing die by more than 100 times, strong impact resistance, no breaking process during drawing, and can draw bronze wire and copper wire with diameter of 1.5-2.8mm. Steel wire, stainless steel capillary, etc.

3) The TiSi-B binder used in the product and the vacuum purification treatment of the binder and diamond are advanced and stable, which can ensure the excellent performance of the product and facilitate the popularization and application.

After the appraisal meeting, the Shengli Oilfield and the petroleum system required a large number of such products. For this purpose, a number of technology transfer and technical services were provided to the Ministry of Geology Drilling Tools Factory, Boshan Synthetic Diamond Factory, and Nuclear Industry Department 232 Factory, and the Beijing Drilling Tools Factory With a total of 710,000 tablets, it was rated as one of the most economically profitable manufacturers in the country in 1984; the Boshan Synthetic Diamond Factory was going to close down. After this achievement, it earned a profit of 1.4 million yuan and prospered. . From 1984 to 1985, the domestic production of this polycrystalline one hundred and eighty thousand tablets, Shengli Oilfield used this polycrystalline 1.2 million tablets to make 3,000 drill bits, according to the Finance Department of Shengli Oilfield According to statistics, the economic benefits of drilling have been nearly 100 million yuan, which has contributed to the exploration and development of oil fields. The titanium-boron binder and vacuum purification treatment technology successfully developed by the project have been widely adopted by domestic counterparts.

2.2 triangular polycrystalline diamond

In 1988, he won the first prize of Shengli Oilfield Science and Technology Progress Award. In 1989, he won the second prize of Science and Technology Progress Award of China National Petroleum Corporation. In 1990, he won the third prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award.
In order to track the development of superhard materials in the world, starting from the second half of 1983, the development of triangular polycrystalline diamond on the six-sided top press has been carried out. For several years, through the heating assembly method, PTt process conditions, mold, diamond grain size The research on stacking and proportioning was successfully developed in December 1986 and was immediately put into production on the drill bit. Drilling in Sichuan, Jiangsu and Shengli Oilfields showed that the drill bit made with this product is suitable for medium to medium. Drilling, slanting and coring of hard formations have achieved obvious technical and economic benefits. After many tests, the polycrystalline wear resistance and impact toughness, close to or equivalent to the US General Electric products imported at that time, the price is only one-fifth to one-sixth.

On August 5, 1987, the Shengli Oilfield Science and Technology Commission organized a technical appraisal. On July 6, 1988, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry organized technical appraisal and passed the technical appraisal certificate. The Ministry of Petroleum Industry (88) oil Ke Jian Zi No. 45

The results of this work are:

1) Comprehensive performance test and field test have shown that the product's wear resistance, impact toughness, thermal stability and other properties are currently leading in the country. In terms of wear resistance and impact resistance, it is close to or equivalent to the similar products of the currently imported US General Electric Company. The price is equivalent to one-fifth to one-sixth of the foreign similar products.

2) Drilling practice in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Shengli Oilfield and other places shows that the drill bit made of triangular polycrystalline is suitable for drilling from medium to medium hard formation, making oblique and coring, and has achieved obvious technical and economic benefits. The test drill has a maximum footage of 568.22 meters and an average footage of 401.23 meters, which is the highest in the country. A triangular polycrystalline drill bit is equivalent to 5.5 domestic XHP2 and XHP4 roller bits. The two triangular diameter polycrystalline drill bits with a diameter of 310mm are made of 265.15 meters and 134.78 meters respectively. It is the best technical index obtained by domestic triangular crystal in China. The triangular polycrystalline drill bit for core picking has been promoted and used, and the drilling speed is fast and the cost is low.

3) The practice of trial production of 40,000 triangular polycrystals shows that the product is relatively stable and can be put into mass production.

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