Compound fertilizer has increased production and income than single fertilizer, which has been recognized by farmers. However, how to purchase high-quality compound fertilizer to achieve the purpose of increasing production and saving money has not yet been mastered by the majority of farmers. Therefore, how to purchase high-quality compound fertilizer according to soil characteristics, fertilizer characteristics, agricultural production status, etc. is what farmers need to know and master.
1. According to the soil properties, the selection of compound fertilizers for soils with slightly alkaline and organic matter content (the soil pH is generally about 8.0) and effective nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency should generally use acidic compound fertilizers such as monoammonium phosphate or humic acid. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers and nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizers are suitable. However, for a small number of red clay or acid brown loam, alkaline compound fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate should be used.
Second, according to crop varieties, scientific selection of compound fertilizers, general field crops use NPK compound fertilizer, wheat high-yield fields should use NPK ternary compound fertilizer; wheat, rice, millet and other close crops, suitable for powdery compound fertilizer; For cultivating crops such as corn, granular compound fertilizer should be used; vegetables, especially fruit vegetables, root vegetables and fruit trees, need more cash crops, and NPK fertilizers with higher potassium and lower nitrogen should be used.
Third, according to the nature of fertilizers, scientific selection of compound fertilizers. Currently, a considerable proportion of compound fertilizers sold on the market do not meet the national GB15063-94 standard. National standards stipulate that the effective nutrient content of compound fertilizer (composite fertilizer), the total concentration of high-concentration NPK ≥40%, the low concentration of NPK ≥25%, excluding trace elements and medium elements; water-soluble phosphorus content ≥ 40%, the water molecule content is less than 5%; the particle size is 1 to 4.75 mm. Therefore, in addition to looking at the trademark and nutrient content when purchasing compound fertilizer, it is also necessary to pay attention to the manufacturer and the place of origin. In addition, there are two kinds of potassium in the compound fertilizer, one is potassium chloride and the other is potassium sulfate. Potassium chloride contains chlorine, which is not suitable for chlorine-free crops. Where there is no "S" symbol on the composite fertilizer bag, the potassium is potassium chloride, and the chlorine crops such as grapes, potatoes, tobacco, beets, etc. must not be applied. The fertilizer bag must be marked with the "S" symbol. Compound fertilizer, a compound fertilizer composed of potassium sulfate.
4. According to the fertilization method, the compound fertilizer is scientifically selected to improve the fertilizer efficiency of the compound fertilizer. Different application methods should select different compound fertilizers. Granular compound fertilizer must be used as base fertilizer, and the higher the hardness of the pellet, the better the fertilizer. The compound fertilizer composed of ammonium nitrogen in the compound fertilizer is beneficial to increase the utilization rate of nitrogen. For topdressing application, powdered compound fertilizer should be used, and it should be noted that the water-soluble phosphorus content in the compound fertilizer should be greater than 40%, and the nitrogen compound is combined with NH4-N and NO3-N. should. Generally, the effect of humic acid compound fertilizer is better than the effect of topdressing.
1. According to the soil properties, the selection of compound fertilizers for soils with slightly alkaline and organic matter content (the soil pH is generally about 8.0) and effective nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency should generally use acidic compound fertilizers such as monoammonium phosphate or humic acid. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers and nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizers are suitable. However, for a small number of red clay or acid brown loam, alkaline compound fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate should be used.
Second, according to crop varieties, scientific selection of compound fertilizers, general field crops use NPK compound fertilizer, wheat high-yield fields should use NPK ternary compound fertilizer; wheat, rice, millet and other close crops, suitable for powdery compound fertilizer; For cultivating crops such as corn, granular compound fertilizer should be used; vegetables, especially fruit vegetables, root vegetables and fruit trees, need more cash crops, and NPK fertilizers with higher potassium and lower nitrogen should be used.
Third, according to the nature of fertilizers, scientific selection of compound fertilizers. Currently, a considerable proportion of compound fertilizers sold on the market do not meet the national GB15063-94 standard. National standards stipulate that the effective nutrient content of compound fertilizer (composite fertilizer), the total concentration of high-concentration NPK ≥40%, the low concentration of NPK ≥25%, excluding trace elements and medium elements; water-soluble phosphorus content ≥ 40%, the water molecule content is less than 5%; the particle size is 1 to 4.75 mm. Therefore, in addition to looking at the trademark and nutrient content when purchasing compound fertilizer, it is also necessary to pay attention to the manufacturer and the place of origin. In addition, there are two kinds of potassium in the compound fertilizer, one is potassium chloride and the other is potassium sulfate. Potassium chloride contains chlorine, which is not suitable for chlorine-free crops. Where there is no "S" symbol on the composite fertilizer bag, the potassium is potassium chloride, and the chlorine crops such as grapes, potatoes, tobacco, beets, etc. must not be applied. The fertilizer bag must be marked with the "S" symbol. Compound fertilizer, a compound fertilizer composed of potassium sulfate.
4. According to the fertilization method, the compound fertilizer is scientifically selected to improve the fertilizer efficiency of the compound fertilizer. Different application methods should select different compound fertilizers. Granular compound fertilizer must be used as base fertilizer, and the higher the hardness of the pellet, the better the fertilizer. The compound fertilizer composed of ammonium nitrogen in the compound fertilizer is beneficial to increase the utilization rate of nitrogen. For topdressing application, powdered compound fertilizer should be used, and it should be noted that the water-soluble phosphorus content in the compound fertilizer should be greater than 40%, and the nitrogen compound is combined with NH4-N and NO3-N. should. Generally, the effect of humic acid compound fertilizer is better than the effect of topdressing.
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