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Dr. Ning Zhijun demonstrated a thin film experimental sample with colloidal quantum dots.
Canadian researchers designed and tested a new type of solid, stable, photo-sensitive nanoparticle—colloidal quantum dot technology—that could be used to develop cheaper, more flexible solar cells and better gas sensors, infrared lasers, Infrared light emitting diodes. The results of this study were published in the latest issue of Nature Materials.
Colloidal quantum dots collect sunlight based on two types of semiconductors: N-type (rich electrons) and P-type (vacuum electrons). However, when exposed to the air, N-type semiconductor materials combine with oxygen atoms, lose their electrons, and transform into P-type materials.
The paper's first author and postdoctoral researcher Ning Zhijun of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Toronto said in an interview with a reporter from the Science and Technology Daily that the new colloidal quantum dot technology developed by his research team can make N-type materials not exposed when exposed to air. Oxygen binding. At the same time maintaining a stable N-type and P-type layers not only improves the light absorption efficiency, but also opens the door to new types of photovoltaic devices that simultaneously achieve the best performance of light trapping and electrical conduction. This also means that new technologies can be developed Complex weather satellites, remote control devices, satellite communications or pollution detectors.
Ning Zhijun said that this is only the first step in this material innovation research. With this new material, a new device structure can be constructed. Compared with ordinary silicon materials, colloidal quantum dot materials can be synthesized at low temperature, with low energy consumption and simple process. This solution-processable inorganic material enhances the stability and portability of the battery. Studies have found that iodine is the perfect ligand for quantum dot solar cells with both high efficiency and air stability.
Because the absorption spectrum can reach the infrared region, this new NP hybrid material can absorb more light energy, so that the solar energy conversion efficiency can reach up to 8%. Improved performance is only the beginning of this new quantum dot solar cell structure. In the future, these powerful quantum dots can be mixed with ink, sprayed or printed on the surface of thin and soft roof tiles, thereby greatly reducing the cost of solar power for the benefit of ordinary people.
Ning Zhijun introduced that colloidal quantum dot solar photovoltaic technology has achieved rapid development in the last 10 years, and the solar energy conversion efficiency has increased from the initial 0.1% to about 10% under laboratory conditions. However, to realize the commercialization of this technology, it is necessary to continuously improve its absolute performance or power conversion efficiency. (Reporter Feng Weidong)
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