Celery spot blight, also known as leaf blight, is the main disease in celery growing areas. Summer and autumn seasons are common in open field or greenhouse growth.
First, the onset of symptoms and characteristics of a celery old leaves first disease, and then infected to new leaves and petiole. The lesions on the leaves are scattered and vary in size. The initial stage is a light brown spot, which is enlarged, brown, and then necrotic. This type is a large spot type and generally has a diameter of 5 to 10 mm.
The other is yellow-white or gray-white in the middle of the leaf spot, yellow-brown on the edge, and there are many small black particles. The lesion has a yellow halo and the shape is different. The petiole and stem infections are brown or rounded with slight depressions, and black dots are scattered in the middle.
Second, the disease environment and conditions Spot blotch is a fungal disease. Seed mycelia lurking in the skin, can survive winter in diseased roots, which spread primarily by wind, rain, water droplets, suitably at a temperature of generally 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ rainy season or the incidence, prevalence. After the onset of celery, it will grow poorly, and its ability to resist pests and diseases will decrease. In severe cases, it will cause a large reduction in production.
Third, prevention
1. Advocate soaking and disinfection: Retained seeds should be collected on plants that are not infected and disease-free, to prevent the spread of the seeds. The seed with bacteria can be disinfected with a drug fumigant, or soaked in warm water at 45 ° C ~ 50 ° C for 30 minutes, then cooled in cold water, dried and then sown.
2. Reasonable rotation: Generally, it should be carried out in the planting area for 2 to 3 years, which can prevent or reduce the occurrence of diseases.
3. Clear the garden: clean the diseased plants, stems and diseased leaves after the disease, remove them and burn them or bury them deeply to prevent the secondary spread of the bacteria.
4. Scientific management: Appropriate early and delayed planting time should avoid the severe summer and autumn high temperature period. On the one hand balanced fertilization, increasing the mix of livestock manure digesters and spent residue, biogas slurry and other organic fertilizers to enhance disease resistance with vegetable soybean plus superphosphate. On the other hand it is noted that the region in greenhouse air and light, humidity, reducing the temperature difference between day and night, to prevent excessive humidity or dew junction agricultural film, water droplets, not to create a suitable environment and opportunities to onset form of blotch.
5. Timely drug prevention and treatment: early onset celery leaf blight should be early detection, early prevention and treatment, with 45% chlorothalonil should aerosol fumigation at an early stage. Drug per acre is generally 200 to 250 grams, also with 58% metalaxyl MnZn 500 times or 500 times Sandofan 64% or 50% amobam 1000 times alternating rotation using other drugs, spray every 7 days , even spray 3 to 5 times.
First, the onset of symptoms and characteristics of a celery old leaves first disease, and then infected to new leaves and petiole. The lesions on the leaves are scattered and vary in size. The initial stage is a light brown spot, which is enlarged, brown, and then necrotic. This type is a large spot type and generally has a diameter of 5 to 10 mm.
The other is yellow-white or gray-white in the middle of the leaf spot, yellow-brown on the edge, and there are many small black particles. The lesion has a yellow halo and the shape is different. The petiole and stem infections are brown or rounded with slight depressions, and black dots are scattered in the middle.
Second, the disease environment and conditions Spot blotch is a fungal disease. Seed mycelia lurking in the skin, can survive winter in diseased roots, which spread primarily by wind, rain, water droplets, suitably at a temperature of generally 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ rainy season or the incidence, prevalence. After the onset of celery, it will grow poorly, and its ability to resist pests and diseases will decrease. In severe cases, it will cause a large reduction in production.
Third, prevention
1. Advocate soaking and disinfection: Retained seeds should be collected on plants that are not infected and disease-free, to prevent the spread of the seeds. The seed with bacteria can be disinfected with a drug fumigant, or soaked in warm water at 45 ° C ~ 50 ° C for 30 minutes, then cooled in cold water, dried and then sown.
2. Reasonable rotation: Generally, it should be carried out in the planting area for 2 to 3 years, which can prevent or reduce the occurrence of diseases.
3. Clear the garden: clean the diseased plants, stems and diseased leaves after the disease, remove them and burn them or bury them deeply to prevent the secondary spread of the bacteria.
4. Scientific management: Appropriate early and delayed planting time should avoid the severe summer and autumn high temperature period. On the one hand balanced fertilization, increasing the mix of livestock manure digesters and spent residue, biogas slurry and other organic fertilizers to enhance disease resistance with vegetable soybean plus superphosphate. On the other hand it is noted that the region in greenhouse air and light, humidity, reducing the temperature difference between day and night, to prevent excessive humidity or dew junction agricultural film, water droplets, not to create a suitable environment and opportunities to onset form of blotch.
5. Timely drug prevention and treatment: early onset celery leaf blight should be early detection, early prevention and treatment, with 45% chlorothalonil should aerosol fumigation at an early stage. Drug per acre is generally 200 to 250 grams, also with 58% metalaxyl MnZn 500 times or 500 times Sandofan 64% or 50% amobam 1000 times alternating rotation using other drugs, spray every 7 days , even spray 3 to 5 times.
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The in vitro culture of cells and tissues has become an indispensable part of life research and practice. A wide variety of cell types are cultured, from viruses to bacteria and fungi, from human cells to animal and plant cells. Some cells and tissues can be grown in suspension, but a considerable number of mammalian cells require surface attachment. Therefore, in addition to good transparency, non-toxicity and sterility, the culture flasks, Culture Plates and culture dishes used to provide the in vitro culture environment of cells also need to be surface-modified to enable them to adhere, divide and grow.
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