When it comes to the biosecurity of pig farms, many pig farmers and even some veterinarians stay on the disinfection level, but it is not. Biosafety refers to all measures to kill pathogenic microorganisms in vitro, reduce the chance of infection of pathogenic microorganisms, and cut off the path of pathogenic microorganisms. These measures can achieve the purpose of reducing the pressure of animal infected pathogenic microorganisms, preventing the spread of diseases and improving the economic benefits of farmers. It can be described as low-input, high-output, and multi-pronged measures. Biosafety measures specifically cover the entire process of pig farming, and are now described in several points.
Pig farm layout
The site selection of the farm should be selected in places where the population is sparse and there are no pig farmers around. It is necessary to stay away from large roads and railways. It is best to have a special pig farm road and there are few other personnel in the past. The water source should be convenient and safe. The pig farm should be built on a dry, sunny and ventilated low hillside. You should first consult the meteorological department for the main wind direction of the whole year. It is best to draw the wind rose pattern of the year and find the main. Wind direction, according to the order of breeding - pregnancy - childbirth - nursery - fattening - isolation - waste disposal area, from the upwind to the wind direction distribution, it is best to use breeding, pregnancy, breastfeeding, conservation, a three-point distribution of fattening, Pulling a sufficient distance to spread the disease, even if some pig houses are ill, it is difficult to spread to other pig houses. The best thing for the pig house is to go south and north, with windows on the north and south for easy daylighting and ventilation. It is necessary to open the distance between the pig houses. It is better to have a distance of more than 10 meters. Planting camphor, osmanthus, and eucalyptus trees can be used to purify odors, dust and noise reduction trees.
Control other poisonous creatures in the field
There are many poisonous creatures, such as mice, birds, cats, dogs, chickens, ducks, etc. Most of these organisms are poisonous and do not develop themselves, but their presence poses a huge threat to the biosecurity of the farm. For example, a mouse is a poisonous person with leptospirosis. Summer mosquito breeding is the high season of Japanese encephalitis and red body. Cats and dogs are the spreaders of toxoplasmosis. Birds are the carriers of chlamydia, and birds and poultry can also carry foot-and-mouth disease virus. The disease.
The visit procedure must be observed
There should be a certain distance between the living area, the reception area and the production area. Forests, fish ponds and soil slopes are best used as natural barriers. Employees must have a certain isolation time to enter the production area when they go out, and they must take a bath in the living area before entering the house. After changing clothes completely, they wear clean clothes and enter. Many large pig farms cannot avoid inspections and visits by superiors and friends. This requires the farm managers to have scientific and reasonable rules and regulations, and requires strict implementation by visitors. The order of visits must also be scientific, from the most vulnerable and most The clean area begins. Generally speaking, the order from the delivery room to the nursery room is visited. The breeding area is generally not visited.
Adhere to self-supporting and self-supporting isolation time
Self-supporting and self-supporting can ensure that pigs in the field are relatively closed, new diseases are not easy to introduce, and long-term feeding, and the old diseases of their own pigs will also be well known, and it is easier to control. If a pig is introduced, it will be fed for about 60 days in the isolation house, and then introduced into the backyard, mixed with a small amount of sows to adapt to the environment and microorganisms.
[NextPage]This measure is the key to the success of the modern pig industry. The pig house is best designed as a small unit. The clean and dry lanes inside and outside the pig house are separated from the dirt road. After passing through the dirt road, the clean air is never taken without disinfection. There must be a special transfer pig channel between the house and the house. The pigs, pigs and pig houses should be fully disinfected before and after the pigs are transferred. Conditional can be passed before the sow from the pregnancy to the delivery room, there is a shower, there is a warm pool, it is best to massage the body to wipe the dirt and disinfection. The sows with close production period (usually the expected date of delivery in a week) are arranged in the same delivery room, so that they are broken off together during weaning, so that they can be thoroughly disinfected. After weaning, they are almost estrus at the same time. Generally, they can be estrus with 3 days to 7 days. Convenient for operation and management, and easy to observe. In this way, the same batch of sows enters the next cycle, and the weaned pigs only enter the nursery house. After the end of the conservation, they enter the fattening house together. The size of each house is matched and the production is streamlined. All stages are implemented in all directions. Moreover, because the pigs are close in age, the stress is small, and the disease is less, that is, the disease is relatively simple, and diagnosis and treatment are relatively easy. In actual production, many pig farms are not large enough, or the size of each stage is not matched, and they cannot be fully accessed. At the very least, it is necessary to ensure that the pigs in the same column and the similar columns are close to each other. In order to save space, some pig farms mix pigs with too different ages, and even the dead pigs are closed together, causing the pigs to not be infected for a short time, and the disease will be complicated when the time is long. , not worth the candle, why? The reason may be that the larger pigs have better resistance and adaptability, and they are poisonous without disease. The smaller ones can't resist the bacteria caused by the larger pigs, which are easy to develop, and the big pigs may not be able to resist after the disease is aggravated. It may also be ill, complicating both the pathogen and the condition.
Disinfection problem
Disinfection generally includes disinfection tank disinfection, pig spray disinfection, empty house disinfection, drinking water disinfection, environmental disinfection and other aspects. A disinfection tank shall be provided at the entrance of the farm , at the entrance of the production area, and at the entrance of the pig house. The disinfection tank at the entrance of the farm and the entrance of the production area should have sufficient length and depth. The length must be more than two weeks into and out of the maximum wheel circumference. The disinfectant liquid should be selected from several different components, and the rotation should be used, but not Some people understand that today, with another, use another kind of liquid medicine for about two weeks and then rotate. There must be special vehicles in and out of the production area. The pig-selling stations should be built outside the production area. Never allow dirty vehicles to enter and leave the production area. Production workers are not allowed to contact pig-purchase vehicles. The pig spray disinfectant is selected to be highly effective, low-toxic and irritating. When spraying, the spray head should be sprayed to the air at an angle of about 45 degrees until the ground is soaked, and the spray cannot be sprayed on the pig.
Major infectious disease treatment
When major infectious diseases occur, early detection, early isolation, and early treatment are required. Controlling infectious diseases is like firefighters fighting out forest fires. It is necessary to find fire spots in time and eliminate them in the bud as soon as possible. When they have not spread, they must be separated and disinfected to set the source of infection in a small range. Do not let it burst out. In this way, even the terrible infectious diseases are not easy to spread, so it is not terrible. During production, we must also pay attention to the fact that during this period, the personnel must be fixed and cannot be smashed. When the isolation is delineated, the pigs around the suspicious pigs can be isolated together, the relatively safe pigs are removed, and the suspicious pigs are isolated. Other safe pigs are prohibited from switching during this period. Feeding sick pigs should be carried out by a special person. If you are unable to raise it, you should feed the suspected pigs after feeding the healthy pigs. Finally, the sick pigs must be separated and disinfected after use. For sick pigs to be diagnosed in time, both the symptoms and the root causes, the timely elimination or treatment of the valueless pigs, anatomy, deep burial and other operations must pay attention to personal safety and avoid artificial poisoning.
Manager attention
The bio-safety system is implemented by people and is implemented by people. Even the best system is not implemented correctly. Many farms posted various systems everywhere, and the results were not implemented. As a pig farm manager, we must continue to learn and improve, develop a scientific and rational bio-safety system, and regularly train employees on bio-safety and pig-raising treatment to improve their sense of ownership and bio-safety.
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