On October 22, the Ministry of Environmental Protection released the air quality of 74 cities in September and the third quarter of 2013. The top 10 cities with relatively poor air quality in the third quarter are all located in Beijing, Tianjin, and surrounding areas. In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the average proportion of air quality standards for the 13 cities was 37.5%, and the average number of days that exceeded the standard was 62.5%.
Subsequently, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Mongolia, and Shandong provinces and municipalities led the joint efforts to jointly prevent air pollution in Beijing. Beijing will control 10 million tons of coal; Tianjin will control the installed capacity of coal-fired generators within 14 million kilowatts; Hebei will reduce 40 million tons of coal; Shanxi will eliminate all coal-fired boilers; Inner Mongolia's power plants and heating companies all use high-quality coal in winter. Shandong formulated a coal-fired boiler coal-to-gas reform program.
According to "Implementation Rules for the Implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area and Surrounding Areas" (hereinafter referred to as the "Detailed Rules"). By the end of 2017, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, and Luzhou will reduce their total coal consumption by 83 million tons. Among them, the proportion of coal in energy consumption in Beijing at the end of 2017 dropped below 10%, and the share of high-quality energy such as electricity and natural gas increased to more than 90%.
The recent careful decision-making gas replacement clean coal power
CTO Secretary-General Wang Zhixuan believes that under the premise of insufficient natural gas resources and high costs, it is prudent to make decision-making gas alternatives to clean coal power. In the current situation of large amounts of coal being burnt, blindly closing and shutting down the thermal power unit, especially the thermal power unit, should not be continued, but should be comprehensively evaluated from the perspective of energy saving and emission reduction of the whole society, the overall efficiency and safety of the power system, and the whole life cycle of the thermal power unit. , To prevent the formation of a shutdown of the small heat supply unit with a heating boiler instead of heating, replacing the small unit with a large unit for the phenomenon of peaking, thereby reducing the overall efficiency.
The primary mission of natural gas is to replace civil and industrial coal-fired power, followed by the use of electricity to stabilize the gas load to increase civilian economics, once again for power generation peaking, and finally for power generation. The replacement of coal power by natural gas power generation requires a historical process. Wang Zhixuan said.
After shutting down the power plant, we must also consider the issue of grid voltage support and insufficient power supply capacity. Some of the original coal-fired power plants have not yet reached the operating period. Closing down will cause a debt crisis, and the new gas and electricity supply plan will surely cause the second largest investment. A power expert told this reporter that in addition to providing electricity and heat, the power plant also provided a grid voltage for providing reactive power to stabilize the area. How to configure reactive power after shutting down the power plant, especially dynamic reactive power should be specifically demonstrated.
If the energy structure for replacing coal power with natural gas is not available and the conditions for replacing existing power generation technologies with newer, higher coal-fired power generation technologies are not available, the speed at which old coal power is replaced with new coal-fired power should be reduced. Wang Zhixuan said.
It is imperative to vigorously develop the clean coal potential.
Among the electrification indicators in China, electricity consumption accounts for the proportion of terminal energy, total primary energy consumption, and coal consumption account for 21%, 41%, and 50% of the total output of coal. Among them, the first index is generally close to that of developed countries. The second one has a large gap between the proportions, while the third indicator lags far behind the coal-producing countries such as the United States, Australia, and India. Nearly 90% of coal in the United States is mainly used for power generation. Electricity is the most effective industry for desulphurization, denitrification, and soot treatment. China should also vigorously develop coal-fired electricity and increase the proportion of transformation. The above power experts told this reporter.
Coal-fired power generation technology has been developing in the direction of high energy efficiency, low pollution, and comprehensive utilization of resources. With the continuous advancement of technology, the extension of the concept of coal-fired power will expand from conventional units, supercritical and ultra-supercritical units to higher-efficiency IGCCs, 700°C units, and multi-supply units, and new types of coal-fired power generation. Wang Zhixuan wrote that the technology for controlling air pollutants in coal-fired power plants will gradually be developed from the unitary and progressive control of dedusting, re-desulfurization, and denitrification, to the addition of heavy metals and aerosols to the removal of heavy metals and aerosols. Gradually reduce the emission of atmospheric pollutants to zero.
According to CEC’s prediction, by 2050, even if China has 4 billion tons of raw coal per year for power generation, annual smoke and dust emissions can be controlled at 500,000 tons, and annual emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can be controlled within 5 million tons. Even less than 2 million tons.
By 2050, from the perspective of control costs, the cost per kilowatt-hour of coal-fired air pollutants and related control costs for preventing secondary pollutants, coupled with further stringent control requirements, will generally require the average cost of environmental protection per kilowatt-hour. 0.1 yuan or so. The future green coal-fired power station will no longer be a coal-fired power station that is a symbol of industrial pollution in people's traditional concepts. Wang Zhixuan said.
Coal power is the main force of energy structure optimization
The "Rules" stipulates that Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, and Shandong should use more coal for coal-fired power plants with high combustion efficiency and pollution control measures, and limit sales ash above 16% and sulfur above 1%. Scattered coal. Reduce rural cooking and coal heating, and increase the use of canned liquefied gas and renewable energy for heating energy for heating. These measures are to increase the proportion of coal converted to electricity, and to reduce the direct and extensive burning of coal, especially the direct dissipation of fire in cities. The above experts told this reporter.
Wang Zhixuan believes that in the future, gas-fired power stations will mainly provide basic regulation for residents' gas supply, peaks for clean energy, and provide distributed power generation for cities and towns, while coal-fired power plants will play a fundamental role in optimizing the allocation of energy. The role of clean energy and circular economy development. The substitution of coal by electricity, oil substitution, gas generation, diesel generation, and gas generation should be one of the core methods to solve the haze and weather pollution in China, and pass regulations, policy guidance, market regulation, and government. Regulatory and central government coordination to achieve.
Due to the huge investment in coal energy utilization systems and the long life cycle, it is not easy to upgrade them, and it is therefore particularly important to ensure the compatibility of coal, electricity, and electricity in the near, medium and long term. We must coordinate and unify power pollution control programs from the economic, environmental, and technological perspectives. An IGCC co-production expert suggested to this reporter.
In the control of PM2.5, it is necessary to give full play to the high efficiency and easy control of power pollution, replace the pollution of burning coal, fuel, etc., and the characteristics of long-distance allocation of resources, and the characteristics of converting renewable energy into clean power. At the same time, further scientifically strengthen its own pollution control. Wang Zhixuan further said.
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