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Recently, Professor Wang Zhengfei of the University of Science and Technology of China, professor Liu Feng of the University of Utah, Xue Qikun of Tsinghua University, Ma Xucun, a researcher, and Zhou Xingjiang, a researcher of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, discovered for the first time a new type of iron-based high-temperature superconducting material. The dimensional topological boundary state, the research results were published on the July 4th Nature Materials (DOI 10.1038/nmat4686).
Superconducting materials and topological materials are two hot spots in condensed matter physics research in recent years. The superconducting superconducting materials developed at the same time have both characteristics. The inside is a superconducting state, and the surface or boundary is a topologically protected incompetent state. Gap metal state. Theoretical physicists have predicted that a superconducting superconducting material will produce Mayorana Fermions under the vortex center of a magnetic field. Since the anti-particle of Maiorana Fermions is itself, its state is very stable, and it is not easily destroyed by traditional electromagnetic or physical interference. It can be used to define qubits in quantum computing and help to solve the problem of traditional qubits. Coherence issues, improve its survival time. The advantage of quantum computing over classical computing lies in the superposition principle of quantum mechanics, which enables the parallel processing of classical calculations. In order to exert the advantages of quantum computing, the coherence of qubits needs to be ensured on hardware. Therefore, topological superconducting materials have important application prospects in quantum computing. However, no topological superconducting materials have been found in nature so far. How to design and find topological superconducting materials has become a focus for researchers. The previous research idea is to use epitaxial growth to place the topological material on the superconducting material or to place the superconducting material on the topological material. The topological superconductor is realized by the proximity effect. However, due to the limitation of the interface quality, the crystallization temperature of the material, and the like, Composite materials are very demanding for the growth process. At the same time, the superconducting energy gap formed in the topological superconducting state is small, and the critical temperature of superconducting is lower. All of these hinder the further development of the research of topological superconducting materials in different degrees.
In order to overcome the above research bottleneck and realize a single-material high-temperature topological superconductor, the researchers took FeSe/SrTiO3, a novel high-temperature superconducting material, as the research object, and combined theoretical calculations with the use of scanning tunneling microscopy and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to systematically study the Antiferromagnetic electron configuration, and the existence of a new type of one-dimensional topological boundary state in the topological energy gap opened by spin-orbit coupling in real space. This work reveals the simultaneous existence of both superconductivity and topological properties in FeSe/SrTiO3, so the doping of electrons and holes can further adjust the position of superconductivity and topological energy gaps. This is to explore the single-material high-temperature topological superconductors and Mayorana Fermat has opened up new research approaches. At the same time, this work also helps to further understand the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity of FeSe/SrTiO3, which is of great significance for promoting the mechanism research of iron-based high-temperature superconducting materials.
The study was funded by the China Youth Ministry's 1000-member youth plan, the fund committee, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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