Just like sitting in front of the major coal mines in Shanxi in the past few years, everyone asked the “required (coal) approvalsâ€, and the deformed interest chain of rare earth quotas has quietly emerged in the rare earth industry. "The light quota is a huge profit." In the eyes of the people in the rare earth industry, "there is an export quota equivalent to 'money'", and even do not need to produce and sell these links. This year, strontium oxide has the largest increase, reaching 242.9%. The prices of other products have also more than doubled, and the rare earth boom has transformed the “export quotaâ€. "One (Rare Earth Export) quota has been sold to 400,000 to 500,000!" Wang Ming (a pseudonym) sitting in the office is anxiously waiting for news. Because there are many overseas customers in the hands, he must get the rare earth quota as soon as possible in order to successfully complete this business. He told reporters that this price often has to add a lot of intermediate benefits, even if there are many companies rushing to buy, want to buy and can not buy. Driven by high profits, the trend of reselling rare earth export quotas has become increasingly rampant since last year. The "Economic Information Daily" reporter learned from a rare earth industry authority that this has become a secret in the rare earth industry. Among the many companies that sell quotas, there are some large domestic enterprises. As we all know, rare earth is called "industrial vitamin" and is widely used in military, electronics and other industries. It is an important strategic mineral resource. China is the largest producer of rare earths, but because of disorderly development and competition, rare earths have been sold in large quantities in the past few years as “cabbage pricesâ€. In order to protect the rational development of rare earth resources, the government has successively issued a series of related policies in recent years. The implementation of the export quota system is an important part of the policy. The "Economic Information Daily" reporter learned that in recent years, the Chinese government has begun to gradually reduce the number of rare earth export quotas. On December 28 last year, the Ministry of Commerce announced that the rare earth export quotas for the first half of this year totaled 14,508 tons, of which 22 Chinese companies approved the rare earth export quota will be limited to 10,762 tons, and the rare earth exports of nine foreign and Sino-foreign joint ventures. The quota was 3,746 tons, down 34% and 37% respectively. "The strong demand from foreign countries has aggravated domestic dependence on export quotas. In addition, there are loopholes in quota allocation and supervision, which also provides excellent space for resale quotas." The above-mentioned insiders told reporters. This statement is not empty. In fact, the current demand for rare earths in the international market mainly depends on the supply of the Chinese market. Statistics show that in 2008, the output of China's rare earth mineral products was 125,000 tons, and the output of rare earth smelting and separation products was 135,000 tons. In 2008, China's rare earth consumption was only 70,000 tons, while the world's rare earth consumption was 130,000 tons, about half of which was exported. According to Wang Ming’s description of the reporter, in general, rare earth processing companies that have customers but have insufficient quotas will find companies that “have no customers but have excess quotas†through some intermediary companies or individual channels. According to the current market price, the quotation of one ton of quota should be between 400,000 and 500,000. After the two parties determine the price, the rare earth processing enterprise will report the price of the rare earth product and the price of the purchase quota to the foreign buyer. . "If the foreign buyer accepts, the latter procedure will be the same as the OEM product." He told reporters that in order to smoothly use the quota, the above-mentioned rare earth processing enterprises need to sign the contract and export in the name of the quota enterprise. After the payment is received, the quota enterprise The money for the “buy quota†negotiated before will be deducted, and the remaining product payment will be remitted to the account of the rare earth processing enterprise. "There are usually some internal agreements between rare earth processing companies and large companies that resell quotas, but there are still risks, and generally they will find more familiar channels." The above-mentioned insiders admitted to the reporter. "It is undeniable that we have a lot of loopholes in the allocation and regulation of rare earth quotas." The above-mentioned industry insiders bluntly pointed out. He said that the current rare earth quota is just like "the coal approval in previous years". In the case of hot demand, not only the rare earth price has been speculated into a high price, but also the price of the quota has been artificially pushed up. Since the relevant government departments have not really investigated the actual operation of the enterprise, which has led to the unreasonable allocation of quotas, some trading companies have many quotas in their hands. They can obtain huge profits without directly purchasing any trade and trade activities. “This is very unfavorable for the development of the industry.†Heng Kun, chief analyst of Essence Securities, said in an interview with the “Economic Information Daily†that the price difference between rare earth products at home and abroad has reached 500,000/ton to 600,000/ton, and the quota will be resold. To a certain extent, it will continue to push up the price difference between rare earths at home and abroad, which will accelerate the exploitation and smuggling of rare earths in China. On the other hand, it is easy to obtain huge profits through reselling quotas. Such a huge temptation will form a deformed industrial chain because of the rights involved. Rent-seeking will also breed more vicious incidents such as corruption. Heng Kun suggested that on the one hand, the state should strengthen the application review of existing quota-receiving enterprises and the supervision of quota use, prohibit the occurrence of vicious incidents of reselling quotas, and propose corresponding punishment measures. On the other hand, industry access conditions should be established, and thresholds should be set in terms of environmental protection, business operations, and scale. Eligible rare earth production and processing enterprises can apply for quotas. At the same time, quotas should be more inclined to meet production enterprises.
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