When selecting fastener materials for flange connection, factors such as pipe operating pressure, operating temperature, media type, and gasket type should be considered.
The type of gasket, as well as the operating pressure and operating temperature, directly impose requirements on the strength of the fastener material. For example, the flange connection of a low-pressure, highly toxic medium pipe sealed with a wound gasket, although the operating pressure and temperature of the pipe are not high, because the specific pressure required to form the wound gasket into the initial seal is large, thereby The fasteners are required to bear a large load, and therefore, in this case, the fastener is required to be made of a high-strength alloy steel material.
Alloy steel studs should be made of high-quality steel. That is, the material grade should be followed by the letter A, such as 35CrMoA, 25CrMoVA.
Depending on the type of construction, bolts can be divided into hexagonal bolts and stud bolts (also known as studs), while stud bolts are divided into two types: wire and non-wire.
Hex head bolts: often used with flat welded flanges and non-metallic gaskets for milder operation. Common materials for hexagon bolts are BL3 or Q235B;
Stud bolt: It is often used in conjunction with a butt weld flange under severe operating conditions. Among them, because the wire-type stud bolt has no change in cross-sectional shape, its load-bearing capacity is strong. The non-passing type studs are relatively weak in carrying capacity.
The nut material is often determined by the bolt material to which it is mated, and these combinations are specified in the general standard. Under normal circumstances, the nut material should be slightly lower than the bolt material, and ensure that the hardness of the nut is lower than the bolt hardness by about HB30.
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