[China Aluminum Network] Due to the promotion of national policies and people's demand for energy conservation and environmental protection, it is believed that the importance of energy-saving doors and windows for newly-built buildings does not need to be exhausted. Compared with traditional doors and windows, energy-saving doors and windows can indeed significantly reduce energy consumption. More than 80% of newly-built houses in urban and rural areas in China are high-energy-consumption buildings. Over 95% of existing buildings are high-energy buildings. Building energy consumption accounts for 27% of the total energy consumption in society. In the building energy consumption, the energy loss through the glass doors and windows accounted for 40%-50% of the total building energy consumption. It can be seen that the choice of glass on doors and windows plays an important role in the effectiveness of energy-saving doors and windows.
Summarizing the development of glass can basically be divided into three phases:
By the end of the 1970s
In the late 1970s, people's demand for housing was far less than it is now. At the same time, the energy conservation and environmental protection of buildings and various performance indicators are basically still in the blank period. At that time, most of the glass used in building doors and windows was flat glass. The application of flat glass has sound insulation and certain insulation properties. However, the disadvantages are also very obvious. The heat stability is relatively poor, and it is hot and cold and prone to burst. The U value is substantially greater than 6.0 W/m2·K.
The second phase from the late 1970s to 1994
This period was in a golden period of reform and opening up. With the tight real estate, a large number of buildings took to the ground. But the deadly shortcomings of the flat glass that I just mentioned are doomed to the fact that flat glass cannot be used in high-rise buildings. Therefore, this period of glass is mainly based on hollow glass. It is made of two (or three) glass, high-strength and high-tightness composite adhesive, and the glass sheet is bonded to the aluminum alloy frame containing the desiccant to form a high-performance sound-insulating and heat-insulating glass. Insulating glass has a variety of properties superior to ordinary double-glazed glass, which has been recognized by various countries in the world. Compared with the coefficient of thermal conductivity of flat glass, the U value of the hollow glass is as low as 2.8 W/m2·K, and the thermal performance is excellent.
The third stage since 1995
While people are amazed at the thermal insulation performance of insulating glass, they also stepped up the development of door and window glass with better thermal insulation. Among them, double and triple hollow glass have benefited from the application. The principle is the same, with high-strength and high-tightness composite adhesive, two or more pieces of glass are bonded and sealed with sealing strips and glass strips. The middle is filled with dry gas and the frame is filled with a desiccant to ensure the dryness of the air between the glass sheets. As long as the insulating glass is sealed, the insulating glass has a better heat insulating effect. What is more, in addition to the dry air sealed between the two layers of glass, a special metal film with good thermal properties is applied on the side of the outer glass intermediate air layer. It can cut off the considerable energy emitted by the sun into the room and provide greater insulation.
In addition to insulating glass, the performance comparison is comparable. Currently only vacuum glass is available. Vacuum glass is to seal two glass plates around, vacuum the gap and seal the exhaust hole. The gap between the two glass plates is 0.1-0.2mm. At least one of the two vacuum glass plates is generally low-e glass. Thus, the heat lost through the conduction, convection, and radiation of the vacuum glass is reduced to a lower value, and the U value is between 0.3-0.8 W/m 2 ·K. Vacuum glass is the fruit of glass processing and materials science, vacuum technology, physical measurement technology, industrial automation and construction science, and multi-disciplinary, multi-technical, and multi-process cooperation. However, at present, the application of vacuum glass is not widely used in the application of the building, but it has a broad application prospect.
Today, glass applications are also part of the country's key developments. As early as 2016, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Steady Growth of the Building Materials Industry and Increasing Structural Efficiency, and the Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Integration of the Manufacturing Industry and the Internet, in order to optimize industrial layout and organizational structure. The Central Government and the State Council issued the Outline of the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy, which calls for the development of smart green manufacturing technologies and the promotion of manufacturing industries to the high end of the value chain. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have jointly issued the "Circular on Implementing Major Engineering Packages for Upgrading and Improving Manufacturing Industries." .
The opinion pointed out: To speed up the industrial transformation and upgrading, the development of high-end glass. Improve building energy efficiency standards, promote the use of Low-E glass sheets, true (medium-)empty glass, safety glass, personalized curtain wall, photovoltaic-thermal integrated glass products, and energy-saving requirements for existing buildings. Doors and windows and other products. Actively develop new products such as fire-resistant glass plates for buildings and electrochromic glass, combine the development of facilities agriculture and the construction of beautiful countryside, and develop the structural and functional integrated glass plates and products required for agricultural planting and sightseeing.
I believe that in the future for energy-saving requirements, the selection of windows and doors on the glass will have considerable room for expansion.
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