By wave shape
Inverters are mainly divided into two categories, one is a sine wave inverter and the Other is a square wave inverter. The sine wave inverter outputs an even better sinusoidal alternating current than the grid we use every day because it does not have electromagnetic pollution in the grid. The square wave inverter outputs a square wave alternating current of poor quality, and its positive maximum value to negative maximum value are generated at the same time, which causes severe instability effects on the load and the inverter itself. At the same time, its load capacity is poor, only 40-60% of the rated load, can not carry inductive load. If the load is too large, the third harmonic component contained in the square wave current will increase the capacitive current flowing into the load, and in severe cases, the load filter capacitor of the load will be damaged.
In view of the above shortcomings, in recent years, quasi-sine waves (or improved sine waves, modified sine waves, analog sine waves, etc.) have appeared, and the output waveform has a time from the positive maximum value to the negative maximum value. Interval, the effect of use has been improved, but the waveform of the quasi-sine wave is still composed of polylines, which belongs to the square wave category and has poor continuity. In summary, sine wave inverters provide high quality AC power that can drive any kind of load, but with high technical requirements and cost. The quasi-sinusoidal inverter can meet most of our electricity demand, with high efficiency, low noise and moderate price, thus becoming the mainstream product in the market. The square wave inverter is manufactured using a simple multivibrator. Its technology belongs to the level of the 1950s and will gradually withdraw from the market.
Inverters are classified into coal-electric inverters, solar inverters, wind energy inverters, and nuclear power inverters according to different power sources. According to different purposes, it is divided into independent control inverters and grid-connected inverters. The current efficiency of inverters in the domestic market. The inverter itself consumes a portion of its power when it is operating, so its input power is greater than its output power. The efficiency of the inverter is the ratio of the inverter output power to the input power. If an inverter inputs 100 watts of direct current and outputs 90 watts of alternating current, then its efficiency is 90%.
At present, solar inverters in the world are highly efficient in Europe and America. The European standard is 97.2%, but the price is relatively expensive. The efficiency of other inverters in China is below 90%, but the price is much cheaper than imports. In addition to power and waveform, the efficiency of the inverter is also very important. The higher the efficiency, the less energy is wasted on the inverter, and the power for the appliance is more, especially when you use a low-power system. The importance of one point is more obvious.
According to source nature
Active inverter: an inverter that makes the current in the current circuit connected to the grid on the AC side without directly connecting to the load;
Passive Inverter: An inverter that causes the current in the current circuit to be directly connected to the load (ie, the direct current is inverted to a certain frequency or an adjustable frequency AC supply load) without being connected to the grid on the AC side.
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