During the two sessions of the National Conference this year, a reporter from the Jinghua Times once blocked the Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu at the “Minister’s Passage†and asked if GM rice will be approved for listing this year. Han Changfu just laughed.
The day before yesterday, Zhang Qihuan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at the scene of the first “Golden Rice†tasting meeting in China that the decision to industrialize genetically modified rice should not rely on public opinion, but should follow regulations and procedures. The failure of the Ministry of Agriculture as a competent authority to take a board is an omission. The industrialization of genetically modified rice has missed opportunities and will wait for delays to misplace the country.
In the end, genetically modified rice is unsafe, Lin Yongjun, a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University and the leader of the National Major Science and Technology Project, “Planting New Variety of Insect-resistant Transgenic Rice,†disclosed that the Ministry of Agriculture is currently commissioning a 90-day feeding experiment for miniature pigs of genetically modified rice at China Agricultural University. He also commissioned the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences to conduct a monkey feeding experiment. "Belongs to primates and is very close to humans."
61 Academicians Call for Industrialization of Genetically Modified Rice
The afternoon before yesterday, the report hall of the Huazhong Agricultural University Library, which can accommodate 300 people, was fully occupied.
“The current dilemma is that the development of the country’s genetically modified industry has stopped and industrialization of genetically modified rice cannot be achieved. I personally believe that we missed a major opportunity.†Speaker Zhang Qifa’s academician faced a netizen wearing a “love science support genetically modified†cultural shirt That is to say.
Zhang Qi found the Dean of the College of Life Sciences and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University and Director of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement. In 2009, Zhang Huan’s research team led by Huazhong Agricultural University received two GM rice security certificates issued by the Ministry of Agriculture. It is China’s only two pieces so far. However, these two types of transgenic rice are still on the market for no time.
"What kind of attitude does high-level state executives have for the development of GM technology in China?" Zhang Chih-chien said this is not clear. He mentioned that 49 overseas experts sent letters to senior officials this summer suggesting the promotion of the industrialization of genetically modified crops. It is understood that they have received a very positive response.
Almost at the same time, the 61 academicians of the two academies in China also wrote letters to the state leaders. Zhang Qilu said that this time the wording was urgent and the international and domestic situation was analyzed. He believed that the promotion of the industrialization of GM rice had reached a moment of urgency. Otherwise, it would mislead the country.
Experts accused the Ministry of Agriculture "not enough"
"Decision makers are not sure about this thing and dare not to make a decision," Zhang Qihui said. The biggest obstacle to the industrialization of genetically modified rice lies in the government's lack of decision-making.
At present, the Chinese people are generally skeptical about genetically modified foods. Is it precisely this public opinion that makes it difficult for the Ministry of Agriculture to make a film? Zhang Qifa thinks that the decision to rely on public opinion for genetically modified industrialization is not smart. It should be handled in accordance with national laws and regulations, followed by procedures, and revised if the regulations are not correct. Just as the players who win the game, the referee has the final say and should not There are many supporters.
China currently approves the commercial production of genetically modified crops such as tomatoes, insect-resistant cotton, anti-viral sweet peppers, petunias with altered color, and anti-viral papayas for prolonged storage. Zhang Qifa mentioned that these were all successfully put into production after they received the safety certificate. The only exception was raising the threshold for paddy rice, unable to carry out variety certification, and failed to obtain the production license and business license required for listing. How to start the implementation, and now the Ministry of Agriculture does not even have an approach," Zhang En-chieh accused the Ministry of Agriculture of not doing enough.
Genetically Modified Rice as a Feeding Test for Rhesus Monkeys
For the safety of genetically modified rice, there are “reversals†who question the validity of the experiment and demand disclosure.
Lin Yongjun, a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University and the leader of the National Major Science and Technology Project “Planting New Variety of Insect Resistant Transgenic Riceâ€, told a reporter from the Jinghua Times yesterday that these two safety certificates were obtained very strictly, not only for feeding rats for 90 days but also for feeding experiments. Three generations of breeding experiments were conducted and the conclusions indicated that there was no difference between the consumption of GM rice and ordinary rice.
Lin Yongjun believes that truthfully publishing some basic experimental results is good for dispelling common people's doubts, but it should be issued by the appraiser or the Ministry of Agriculture.
Some people suggested that the rats “have eaten too little and differ greatly from others†and questioned that the experimental results cannot prove human food safety. Lin Yongjun revealed that the Ministry of Agriculture is currently commissioning a 90-day feeding experiment for miniature pigs of genetically modified rice from the China Agricultural University and commissioned the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. As a monkey feeding experiment, "belongs to primates and is very close to humans."
Lin Yongjun also stated that unlike food products and medicines, human experiments are not required before listing, but he himself has been eating GM rice for 14 consecutive years since 1999 and is still innocent.
□Dialogue·Lin Yongjun
Strict assessment of genetically modified foods
Jinghua Times: Although some experts have repeatedly stated that since the country has issued a safety certificate for genetically modified rice, we must believe that it is safe, but many people still do not believe, there are doubts.
Lin Yongjun: This is related to the credibility of the government. Now many people do not believe what the government says. They believe that something from the hearsay is a rather strange mentality.
Jinghua Times: The Biotechnology Safety Management Office of the Ministry of Agriculture stated that it is necessary to promote the industrialization of genetically modified plants. Based on research progress and social acceptance, priority should be given to the development of economic crops and indirect food crops. Is this because food crops are at greater risk?
Lin Yongjun: This is scientifically unreasonable. It should be mature and developed. It is not a matter of scientific safety but of social acceptance. In fact, we already have GM foods like soybean oil.
Jinghua Times: Why hasn't a single country in the world achieved the commercialization of genetically modified rice? Why do Chinese people have to take the lead in doing “white rats�
Lin Yongjun: Rice is mainly cultivated in Asia, and rice research in the world is the best in China. In the past, Japan and India are better than us. Now it has exceeded them. Our science has long been behind, why can't we go to others and eat crabs today? people?
In fact, the United States has already approved a safety certificate for genetically modified rice that can be cultivated commercially. However, there is less demand for rice in the United States, and the company needs to have profit, and it will not do without promotion value.
Jinghua Times: When genetic cotton was first pushed out because insect pests were too serious, are there urgent needs for genetically modified rice?
Lin Yongjun: For rice, 80% of pesticides are used in pest control and pesticide residues. You don't think it is urgent. I think that is a lie. The content of transgenic protein in transgenic rice is very low, only a few parts per million, and this protein has been proven to be non-toxic to humans by many countries including ourselves, but it has raised questions about safety. However, there are few problems with pesticide residues. Someone questioned.
Jinghua Times: Have you communicated with some "reverse" people?
Lin Yongjun: Some people are very stubborn, it is difficult to say pass, including some officials, contact with a lot of negative things online, deep-rooted, but also to give them a popular science, patiently explained to them. I feel that real experts dare to speak in the direction of research. Although I study molecular biology, but I am engaged in rice, let me say corn is not an expert, but now some economic, historical and military Everyone dares to say what is going on with genetic modification. This is an attitude that is neither serious nor scientific.
Jinghua Times: Do you think it would be difficult for ordinary people to do GM science?
Lin Yongjun: It is difficult. A doctor asked me if you took the genes out of the bacteria and transferred them to the rice. Will this gene run from rice to our body? I was surprised that a doctor of a living thing would raise this question. How many genes do we eat each day? Ah, the vegetables and the meat are all cells and contain a lot of genes. Will they come to us? In our experiments, we need to extract genes that are implanted in rice. This is very difficult and difficult. We must use special methods.
I have always stressed that there is no problem of safety and insecurity in GM technology. It is only a technology and it is neutral. However, GM products do have certain risks. Not all genetically modified products are safe, and some people may implant something that should not be planted. Into the things, let the gene expression cause damage to people, so I have to agree with how strict the assessment, especially food.
□Viewpoints·Cui Yongyuan
Promote GM foods with caution
Suffered by the “Golden Rice†incident, the famous host Cui Yongyuan began to “give up†with Fang Fangzi, a popular science scientist, on microblogs to expressly oppose the abuse of genetically modified technology, which is viewed by netizens as a new “reversal†representative.
For 61 academicians who requested to accelerate the industrialization of genetically modified rice, Cui Yongyuan mentioned that genetic modification itself is a cross-cutting issue, and related departments such as agriculture, medicine, environment, and pricing are involved, and should not be the final say of the Ministry of Agriculture. When he went to Japan for research a few days ago, he learned that in Japan, the review of the impacts of biodiversity of genetically modified crops was carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the Ministry of the Environment. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries carried out a feed safety review and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare conducted a review of food safety. Multiple departments jointly monitor and control each other.
Regarding those who were questioned as being "outsiders," Cui said that GM technology involves all aspects and everybody has the right to speak. When he went to Japan, he saw the Japanese government publicly stated that before the GM crops were recognized, they needed to listen to the people. Opinions, encouraging the public to participate in the voting, and publicly soliciting opinions and suggestions from consumers to the whole society at the same time as the identification.
"I'm particularly interested in this. Each person's vote may be based on his habits, cognition, and even religious beliefs. It may not be scientific, but this practice of respecting national sentiments is very touching," said Cui Yongyuan.
Why did the Chinese government issue a genetically modified rice safety certificate, but everyone still did not believe in its safety? Cui Yongyuan pointed out that publicity for genetic modification needs special credibility. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan share a common feature. They have credibility and most people want to believe when it comes to promoting new products.
Prior to this, Cui Yongyuan asked the Ministry of Agriculture on Weibo: “Does China's staple food rice and wheat begin commercialization of genetically modified plants? Has it been approved? How many of the secretly planted species are informed? Are you in charge? If not, the exporting EU is returned. Where does the GM ingredient from the rice noodles come from? The Ministry of Agriculture canteens and kindergartens eat genetically modified foods?†But so far no official reply has been received. He believes this should not be.
Cui Yongyuan believes that because of the trust crisis caused by the government's insincerity, it is necessary to pay more for the spread of genetic modification, and it should be bent over to explain the issue of genetic modification to the people little by little, instead of standing to say that ordinary people are fools.
Cui Yongyuan stated that as a technology, genetic modification is neutral, and as an advanced technology, we must intensify our research, because it involves food security, involves intellectual property rights, and we must firmly support China in developing its own genetically modified technology. “Do not stop for a day†on research. . However, the commercial cultivation of genetically modified crops must be careful, especially the industrialization of genetically modified staple foods must be cautious. He hopes to be a biotechnology scientist and be a safety activist. "Although you understand genetic modification, you don't know the whole society. There are human sciences in the world besides natural science."
This edition was written by Jinghua Times reporter Shangxi
(Beijing Times)
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