In recent years, explosions and burning accidents of chemical dangerous goods have increased, posing a serious threat to national property and people's lives. Therefore, carefully analyze the laws and characteristics of chemical dangerous goods fires, and formulate chemical gas and various chemical dangerous goods accident prevention and disposal methods in a targeted manner, fully prepare for ideas, organization, equipment, etc., and continuously improve the detection of poisons. Detoxification and explosion-proof skills, and efforts to make firefighting units a "fist" and "spike" for rescue and rescue are an urgent task currently facing. In order to effectively deal with accidents, the situation is unclear, the methods are not appropriate, and the measures are not effective, resulting in casualties or expansion of hazards. Grassroots firefighters must master the basic knowledge of dangerous goods and their methods of fire fighting.
1. Strengthen the first outing to fast. According to the physical and chemical properties of chemical dangerous goods, the corresponding adequate fire fighting or rescue forces should be mobilized, unified command deployment, rapid combat operations, timely elimination of dangers and effective fire suppression.
2. Proper use of fire extinguishing agent. Most flammable and flammable liquids can be foamed, and water-soluble organic solvents use anti-solvent foam. Combustible gas fires can be saved with carbon dioxide, dry powder, halogenated alkane (1211) and other fire extinguishing agents. Toxic gases, acids and lye can be diluted with a spray or flowering water stream. In case of fire and burning of substances and metal fires, water can not be used for saving, and fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide and halogenated alkane (1211) should not be used. It should be covered with dry powder or sand. Light metal fire can use 7150 light metal fire extinguishing agent.
3. Block the fire and prevent it from spreading. When the burning articles are partially burnt and can be saved with water or foam, the fire gun or foam tube gun should be immediately arranged to block the fire, and the flame-baked container should be cooled to prevent the container from rupturing and the fire spread. If the burning matter is a chemical that cannot be saved with water, the corresponding fire extinguishing agent should be used, or covered with sand, asbestos, etc., to extinguish the fire in time.
4. Key breakthroughs and eliminate dangers. If there are dangerous dangerous goods such as explosive dangerous goods, drugs, and radioactive materials in the fire, it is necessary to take key breakthroughs to eliminate explosions and poisonous dangerous goods. Use powerful water streams and fire extinguishing agents to destroy sources of ignition that are causing explosions and other items to burn, while cooling items that have not yet exploded and destroyed, and controlling the threat of fire. Organize the assault power, try to cover the evacuation of poisonous dangerous goods, and create conditions for smooth fire fighting and successful risk-taking.
5. Strengthen cover to ensure safety. In the fire fighting, it is necessary to do anti-explosion, fire-proof, anti-gas and anti-corrosion work. Firefighters should wear thermal or anti-drug clothing, wear gas masks or masks, wet towels and other items, and try to use safe terrain that is good for fire fighting and fire prevention. At the scene of a large accident, a certain "danger zone" should be drawn, and it is not allowed to enter without permission.
6. Clean up the site to prevent re-ignition. After the successful disposal of a chemical dangerous goods accident, it is necessary to pay attention to cleaning the site to prevent certain items from being cleaned up and re-ignited. After fighting certain poisonous or corrosive items, fire or leakage accidents, fire extinguishing appliances and combat clothing should be cleaned and disinfected. Those who participate in fire fighting or rescue should go to the hospital for physical examination.
7. The commander should make full use of the fixed fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting facilities for the physical and chemical properties of various chemical dangerous materials, on-site situation, adopt effective fire-fighting means and tactical measures, rationally use the troops, and implement correct and effective command.
1. Strengthen the first outing to fast. According to the physical and chemical properties of chemical dangerous goods, the corresponding adequate fire fighting or rescue forces should be mobilized, unified command deployment, rapid combat operations, timely elimination of dangers and effective fire suppression.
2. Proper use of fire extinguishing agent. Most flammable and flammable liquids can be foamed, and water-soluble organic solvents use anti-solvent foam. Combustible gas fires can be saved with carbon dioxide, dry powder, halogenated alkane (1211) and other fire extinguishing agents. Toxic gases, acids and lye can be diluted with a spray or flowering water stream. In case of fire and burning of substances and metal fires, water can not be used for saving, and fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide and halogenated alkane (1211) should not be used. It should be covered with dry powder or sand. Light metal fire can use 7150 light metal fire extinguishing agent.
3. Block the fire and prevent it from spreading. When the burning articles are partially burnt and can be saved with water or foam, the fire gun or foam tube gun should be immediately arranged to block the fire, and the flame-baked container should be cooled to prevent the container from rupturing and the fire spread. If the burning matter is a chemical that cannot be saved with water, the corresponding fire extinguishing agent should be used, or covered with sand, asbestos, etc., to extinguish the fire in time.
4. Key breakthroughs and eliminate dangers. If there are dangerous dangerous goods such as explosive dangerous goods, drugs, and radioactive materials in the fire, it is necessary to take key breakthroughs to eliminate explosions and poisonous dangerous goods. Use powerful water streams and fire extinguishing agents to destroy sources of ignition that are causing explosions and other items to burn, while cooling items that have not yet exploded and destroyed, and controlling the threat of fire. Organize the assault power, try to cover the evacuation of poisonous dangerous goods, and create conditions for smooth fire fighting and successful risk-taking.
5. Strengthen cover to ensure safety. In the fire fighting, it is necessary to do anti-explosion, fire-proof, anti-gas and anti-corrosion work. Firefighters should wear thermal or anti-drug clothing, wear gas masks or masks, wet towels and other items, and try to use safe terrain that is good for fire fighting and fire prevention. At the scene of a large accident, a certain "danger zone" should be drawn, and it is not allowed to enter without permission.
6. Clean up the site to prevent re-ignition. After the successful disposal of a chemical dangerous goods accident, it is necessary to pay attention to cleaning the site to prevent certain items from being cleaned up and re-ignited. After fighting certain poisonous or corrosive items, fire or leakage accidents, fire extinguishing appliances and combat clothing should be cleaned and disinfected. Those who participate in fire fighting or rescue should go to the hospital for physical examination.
7. The commander should make full use of the fixed fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting facilities for the physical and chemical properties of various chemical dangerous materials, on-site situation, adopt effective fire-fighting means and tactical measures, rationally use the troops, and implement correct and effective command.
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