We are here mainly to study the decoration on the direct wall.
The decoration of the wall includes: latex paint, spray paint, wallpaper (cloth), ceramic tile, wood veneer, stone paint, and plaster template. The wall, after the process has preceded it, is the deciding factor. But to be sure, tile finishes must be done after the ceiling, while latex paints and other tainting practices are usually behind. Below, let's take a look at the common practices:
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One, latex paint
Very popular decoration practices. You can refer to the author's chapter on paint to see the relevant details. Latex paint is currently the mainstream of wall treatment.
In the secondary decoration, before the latex paint is applied, the original coating layer is based on the following three principles:
1. The wall of a new house generally only needs to be polished with coarse sandpaper, and it is not necessary to eradicate the original paint layer.
2. The walls of ordinary old houses generally need to be removed. The method is to wet the surface with water first, and then remove the surface paint with a trowel or electric planer.
3. For the old disrepaired walls, the surface has been severely flaking off, and the hot layer has been chalked. It is necessary to remove the lacquer layer and the entire batch until it sees the cement hot or brick.
4, then use the fly powder and cooked rubber powder mix and mix bottoming lot, then paint latex paint, the surface layer to be painted 2 to 3 times, the time between each pass is better than 24 hours.
It must be reminded that many industrial paints have more or less toxicity. Attention should be paid to ventilation during construction. After construction, they must be volatilized at least for more than one week before they can be accommodated. In order to avoid harm to the health of the family.
Second, spraying
Painting Spraying in the architectural decoration industry was first used in the eruption process of building exterior wall surface treatment. It can form a variety of color textures, and the effect is elegant and three-dimensional. Due to the rapid construction of the spray coating method, the construction period can be greatly shortened. So it quickly expanded to interior decoration projects. In some large and medium-sized cities, decoration companies have begun to use spraying methods to deal with wood lacquer (varnish, mixed oil) and wall paint. Depending on the principle of the tools used, they are divided into two types, air spray and airless spray.
Air spray, also known as low-pressure air spray, relies on low-pressure air to cause the paint to form an atomized air stream on the surface of the object (wall or wood surface) after it is ejected from the muzzle. Compared with hand brushes, air spray has no brush marks, and the plane is relatively uniform, and the unit work time is short, which can effectively shorten the construction period. However, there are spatters in the air spray and there is a waste of paint. When viewed at close range, very fine particles are visible. General air spraying adopts general-purpose air compressors for the decoration industry. Relatively speaking, one machine is used for multiple purposes and the investment cost is low. There are also special machines such as suction type air spraying machines and self-dropping air spraying machines on the market.
Airless spray, also known as high pressure airless spray, uses a high pressure plunger pump to create an atomized air flow over the surface of the object (wall or wood surface) at the spray gun mouth. Airless Spray Compared to air spray, the paint surface is uniform and no graininess. However, airless spray equipment is relatively expensive, and only a few professional painters own such equipment. Airless spray can be used for the construction of high-viscosity paints with clear edges and can even be used for some spraying projects with boundary requirements. According to the mechanical type, it can be divided into pneumatic type airless sprayer, electric airless sprayer, internal combustion airless sprayer and many other types. In addition, it should be noted that if the metal surface is painted, it is best to use metallic paint (magnetic paint).
Third, wallpaper
Decoration is quite common. The main paper wallpaper, chemical fiber wallpaper, plastic wallpaper. The cloth wallpaper is generally called wall cloth, not classified as wallpaper.
Wallpaper can be printed patterns, patterns change, rich color, and the construction is convenient and fast.
The most important key technology in the construction of wallpaper is the problem of mildew prevention and handling of stretchability:
1) Anti-mildew treatment. Before the wallpaper is posted, it is necessary to treat the base surface first, and the flying powder and the cooked rubber powder may be used to perform batch heating and leveling. After it is dry, apply a varnish one or two times and post it again.
2) Scalability treatment. The scalability of wallpaper is a chronic problem. To solve it is to start with prevention. On the one hand, we must reserve 0.5mm overlapping layers. There are some people who unilaterally pursue aesthetics and cancel this overlap. This is not appropriate. In addition, try to buy some good scalability wallpaper.
Four, tiles
Tiles are a major item in the current renovation. Specific varieties can refer to other chapters about tiles. Tiles are mostly used in kitchens, toilets, balconies and other places. The biggest advantage of tile decoration may be dirt resistance.
One of the main problems in tile decoration is the treatment of the waterproof layer. Because there are problems with water in most places in the kitchens and toilets. Therefore, the waterproof of the wall should be highly noted.
New houses that are not waterproof or old houses that need to replace tiles need to be re-waterproofed. The main methods for the treatment of the waterproof layer are:
Appropriate professional waterproofing agent, such as 911 water repellent, on the ground and wall height of 1 meter. The location of the wall above 1 meter can use a bit of asphalt oil for waterproofing. If the economy is not allowed, you can also directly use asphalt or resin to waterproof the floor. 20 cm on the ground and the ground must be thick.
The new house is made of waterproof layer. After construction, it should be noted that the inspection surface should have no voids. After the old house is demolished, you need to do a simple cement batch heat before you can make a waterproof layer. After the tile construction, if there is any damage that needs to be repaired, care must be taken. If the position is too low, the waterproof layer may be broken during the removal. Before the new brick is repaired, the waterproof layer is also repaired before the tile can be tiled. .
After finishing the renovation, try to avoid drilling holes in places less than 1 meter high.
As for the problem of tile joints, please refer to the section on floor decoration.
V. Wood veneer
Wood veneer is now a number of high-end decoration practices. Generally, a 3 cm decorative panel is attached to a 9-centimeter base plate, and then fixed with a mosquito screw. The most important reason for its appearance is that the wood veneer can be used for various shapes, and the wood veneer has a variety of natural textures, which can bring gorgeous effects to the interior.
Because of the various designs, details cannot be described here, but it is necessary to draw attention: the practice of wood veneer is just like the Chinese painting method, and it must be “left blankâ€. The idea of ​​wrapping all the walls with wood is not rational. In addition to increasing the project budget, it does not help the overall effect.
No matter what kind of decoration, we must keep the surface clean. After the veneer is bought into the market, varnish should be applied again as a protective layer.
In the wood veneer, if the veneer decoration is used, it may not be a technical problem, but if the plywood decoration, surface brushing (mixed oil) approach, then there may be anti-cracking requirements.
The way to prevent cracking of wood finishes is:
1) The joints should be treated with a 45-degree angle. Its contact points form a triangular groove surface.
2) Fill the tank with putty putty and apply a sew bandage.
3) Surface color putty flat. 4) Perform other lacquer treatments (sweeping paint or mixing oil).
The nails used for the fixing of wood veneers must use mosquito studs. When the surface layer is treated, it can be filled with a coloring putty.
Sixth, stone decoration
The practice of decorating stone walls is a high-end decoration practice. Generally more imported marble is used, and the cost is higher. Stones (except for roughfaced stone and culture stone) can be used in public areas such as entrance halls, halls and aisles.
The use of stone construction in the decoration of the wall is mainly divided into two methods: wet method and dry method.
1. The wet plastering method is the same as the laying of ceramic tiles. For the specific construction method, please refer to the above article 2. The dry hanging method is currently a welcome practice in the construction industry. However, since the dry hanging method needs to occupy an extra space, it is less frequently used for interior decoration with a smaller area.
1) Pre-grooving the edge of the slab. The size of the groove depends on the specifications of the pendant.
2) First install the light steel structure with galvanized expansion screws. When the structure is installed, it should be straight and flat.
3) Install the pendant and install the slate, then apply the glass glue on the seam.
This dry hanging method is only applicable to interior wall construction. For dry hanging construction, most of them belong to the architectural category and will not be described in detail here.
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