Centrifugal pump working principle

The main flow components of the centrifugal pump are a suction chamber, an impeller and a pressurized water chamber. The water absorption chamber is located in front of the water inlet of the impeller to guide the liquid to the impeller; the pressure water chamber mainly has three forms: a spiral pressure water chamber (volute type), a guide vane and a space guide vane; the impeller is the most pump The important working element is the heart of the flow-through component, which consists of a cover plate and an intermediate blade.

Before the centrifugal pump works, the pump is filled with liquid, then the centrifugal pump is started, the impeller rotates rapidly, the blade of the impeller drives the liquid to rotate, and the liquid flows by inertia to the outer edge of the impeller, and the impeller sucks in the liquid from the suction chamber. In this process, the liquid in the impeller flows around the blade, and the liquid acts a lift force on the blade during the flow around the flow. In turn, the blade acts on the liquid with a force equal to the lift force and the opposite direction. This force works on the liquid. The liquid is energized and flows out of the impeller, at which time the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the liquid increase.

The centrifugal pump relies on the action of the rotating impeller on the liquid to transfer the mechanical energy of the prime mover to the liquid. Due to the action of the centrifugal pump, the velocity energy and the pressure energy are increased during the flow from the impeller inlet to the outlet. The liquid discharged by the impeller passes through the extrusion chamber, and most of the velocity can be converted into pressure energy, and then transported along the discharge pipeline. Going out, at this time, the impeller inlet forms a vacuum or a low pressure due to the discharge of the liquid, and the liquid in the suction pool is pressed into the inlet of the impeller under the action of the liquid surface pressure (atmospheric pressure), so that the rotating impeller continuously Inhale and discharge liquid.

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