In general, bone carvings are carved from animal bones such as bovine bones, camel bones, and ivory (now banned). The raw materials selected are mostly organic materials, and are more elaborately carved products. Some varieties are like flowers. In the workmanship, it also pursues exquisite and translucent, but also delicate, afraid of falling, afraid of squeezing, fear of bumping, fear of fire, fear of flooding, fear of wind blowing in dry climate, and easy to oxidize. In Li Fangyuan's view, the daily protection of bone carving collection is very important, and it is indispensable to do dust, sun protection, waterproof, anti-mite and other homework.
First, the bone carving materials are mostly animal bones composed of calcium phosphate and organisms. The temperature instability is prone to thermal expansion and contraction, which is easy to cause deformation, cracking, and falling. Especially in the winter, the temperature is very different, the climate is dry, and the bone carving is especially important. If conditions permit, the temperature can be adjusted to 15-25 °C. Bone carving is prone to chemical changes under the action of light, discoloration and embrittlement, especially the ultraviolet destructive maximum, which will decompose and destroy the bone carving. Infrared and visible light will cause the temperature to rise sharply. Therefore, bone carving should be protected from light.
Second, bone carving is also very sensitive to changes in humidity. Bone carving not only contains a certain amount of water, but also has the characteristics of water absorption. It absorbs or releases water as the environment changes, and the volume expands or contracts accordingly, which causes the utensil to crack or deform due to excessive shrinkage. Therefore, the environment for storing bone carvings should be kept between 55% and 60%. For some large ornaments, you can use a glass cover to cover the museum's method, and then put a cup of water in a closed cover to maintain its humidity environment. Also note that the bone carving collection should not be placed in a well ventilated area.
Third, bone carving should pay attention to anti-mite, you can put a little anti-caries in the soft capsule. If the surface is stained with dust, use a brush to gently remove it. If the bone carving is improperly maintained, mildew will appear, and it should be removed in time. The more professional treatment method is to first wash with dilute citric acid and oxalic acid solution (distilled water), then dilute the residual dilute acid with dilute ammonia, and finally rinse with distilled water, gently dry with a clean dry cloth, set Dry slowly in the shade.
Fourth, the cracked bone carving can not be washed, can be applied to the surface dry cleaning with white alcohol or trichloroethane solution containing 1% soap. After the solution is volatilized, the trace amount of soap attached to the surface is wiped off with solvent and re-waxed. polishing.
If there are no chemical cleaning conditions, there are several simple treatment methods: if you are stained with oil or stubborn dirt, you need to gently scrub with warm soapy water but never soak; you can also use toothbrush to clean with toothpaste, but time Do not take too long, dry it in time to prevent the utensils from lifting or opening. Don't let the bones stick to the irritating liquid like the washing spirit, so the luster of the bone carving surface will be darker and the color will be black. In general, the old bone carving does not need to be washed, re-draw paraffin, and finally wipe the excess paraffin with a fine white cotton cloth.
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