"The first thing that China's new materials face is the 'same rice bowl'." Qiu Yong, a professor at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is blunt. The new materials often require a long process from research and development to mature applications. Development has lagged far behind the needs of the manufacturing industry.
On December 20th, at the 2018 China New Materials Industry Development Conference held in Nanjing, more than 30 academicians and nearly 3,000 material industry insiders attended the conference. Material innovation and industrialization have become the focus of attention of all parties.
Industry upgrades, materials first. The material is the foundation of the national manufacturing industry. The research and development level of new materials and the scale of industrialization are important indicators for measuring a country's science and technology and economic strength. It plays an important role in developing high and new technology, transforming and upgrading traditional industries, enhancing overall national strength and national defense strength. The role. However, due to the late start and thin foundation of China's new materials industry, the overall strength is still relatively weak.
"China's new materials industry and the developed countries still have a big gap." Wei Bingbo, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the scale of China's new materials industry reached 3.1 trillion yuan in 2017, but there is still a big gap between innovation ability and competitive strength and international advanced level. Relevant ministries and commissions surveyed more than 130 key materials, showing that 32% are still in the blank, 52% rely on imports; 95% of high-end dedicated chips, more than 70% of intelligent terminal processors and most of the memory chips rely on imports; More than half of the “card neck†projects implemented are in the field of new materials.
Advanced technology can't be bought. Professor Liu Qing, Dean of Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, as a metal material expert, deeply understands: "The manufacturing equipment of many materials in China is the most advanced in the world, but it can not produce the most advanced materials." He told reporters that the country is leading Xugong Group, a leading enterprise in the construction machinery industry, still needs to import steel plates for telescopic booms for high-tonnage lifting equipment; high-strength gear steels of South High-toothed gear still need to be imported today; large aircraft, engines and ships currently under research in China All of them are faced with the urgent need to break through the core materials and their preparation process.
"If you don't do anything, use someone else's first, and then catch up with yourself. But this kind of late-coming advantage that is highly respected by the domestic industry does not exist in many materials fields." Qiu Yong said that the new material industry is just the opposite, there is " The latecomer is inferior, that is, it is not easy to be accepted by the market. The initial market cultivation is a key link in the promotion and application of new materials. The difficulty in promoting the application of the first batch of new materials is a key bottleneck restricting the industrialization of new material technology innovations in China.
Experts attending the meeting pointed out that at present, China's new material industry top design and overall coordination is not enough, there is a low level of repeated construction phenomenon; the original innovation ability is insufficient, the common technology research and development and support capacity is not strong, the high-end product self-sufficiency rate is not high; the new material investment is scattered, The industrial chain is not complete enough. The new material enterprises as the main body of development are generally small in scale and low in conversion rate; the policy and guarantee mechanism are difficult to adapt to the requirements of the development of new materials industry, and there is a phenomenon of “old ways to manage new thingsâ€.
How to build a new material innovation system with strong R&D capability and high industrial integration is also on the agenda. “The development of new materials should be equal to innovation and application.†Qiu Yong believes that material technology has the characteristics of long chain and cross-scale. New materials often require a long process from research and development to mature application. The materials are not in the application and the performance is improved. It is not possible to iteratively optimize and some key data cannot be accumulated.
However, among the existing material research and development institutions in China, the relevant research of the university focuses on free exploration and lacks systematicity; the research institute of the Academy of Sciences pays attention to the discipline orientation and is not integrated with the industry; the research institutions of the industry focus on the rapid improvement of technology and the lack of originality. It is difficult to meet the demand of new materials technology for the rapid development of China's manufacturing and materials industries over the years.
At present, Jiangsu Institute of Industrial Technology has established six research institutes in the field of materials relying on national-level research and development platforms. Together with local governments and innovation teams, it has established eight research institutes covering advanced metal materials, high-temperature alloy materials, carbon fibers and In the fields of composite materials, membrane materials, and functional fiber materials.
"To strengthen original research, accelerate the research and development of new materials and their production and production technologies, we must start a new mechanism system exploration." Liu Qing said that in view of the urgent needs of China's new materials industry, Jiangsu Institute of Industrial Research will integrate its materials. The existing resources of the sector, leading enterprises in the field of joint coordination materials, universities and research institutes, plan to establish Jiangsu Advanced Materials Technology Innovation Center.
According to reports, the biggest feature of the center is that the mechanism is flexible and open to sharing. The core of the material industry leading technology and key common technology research and development and application, strengthen the application of basic research, increase the supply of major key technologies, and do not compete with universities for academics. Name, do not compete with the company for product benefits. Through the first phase of construction in the past three years, we have overcome a number of new materials industry leading edge and common key technologies such as high-strength high-mode carbon fiber, fifth-generation single-crystal superalloy, and new hydrogen storage materials; in advanced metal materials, carbon fiber and composite materials, In the fields of membrane materials and polymer materials, an innovative industrial cluster with great development potential and strong action is formed.
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