I. Technical Overview
Ultra-high-speed machining technology refers to the modern processing technology that uses the cutting tool of super-hard material to improve the material removal rate, machining accuracy and processing quality by greatly improving the cutting speed and feed rate.
The cutting speed range for ultra-high speed machining varies with different workpiece materials and different cutting methods. At present, it is generally believed that the cutting speed range of ultra-high-speed cutting various materials is: aluminum alloy has exceeded 1600m / min, cast iron is 1500m / min, super heat-resistant nickel alloy up to 300m / min, titanium alloy up to 150 ~ 1000m / min, The fiber reinforced plastic is 2000~9000m/min. The cutting speed range of various cutting processes is: turning 700~7000m/min, milling 300~6000m/min, drilling 200~1100m/min, grinding more than 250m/s and so on.
Ultra-high-speed machining technology mainly includes: research on ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding mechanism, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed spindle unit, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed feed unit, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed machining tool and abrasive tool, on-line automatic detection and control of ultra-high-speed machining Technology, etc.
Ultra-precision machining currently refers to the processing technology that the dimensional accuracy of the machined part is higher than 0.1μm, the surface roughness Ra is less than 025μm, and the resolution and repeatability of the machine tool positioning accuracy is higher than 0.01μm. Level processing technology and is developing towards nanoscale processing technology.
Ultra-precision machining technology mainly includes: research on mechanism of ultra-precision machining, research on equipment manufacturing technology of ultra-precision machining, research on ultra-precision machining tools and sharpening technology, research on ultra-precision measurement technology and error compensation technology, and research on working environment conditions of ultra-precision machining .
Second, the status quo and domestic and international development trends
1. Ultra high speed machining
The research on ultra-high-speed machining in industrialized countries has started early and has a high level. In this technology, the leading countries are mainly Germany, Japan, the United States, Italy and so on.
In ultra-high-speed machining technology, super-hard material tools are the premise and prerequisite for ultra-high-speed machining. Ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding technology is the modern ultra-high-speed machining process, while high-speed CNC machine tools and machining centers are ultra-high-speed machining. Key equipment. At present, tool materials have evolved from carbon steel and alloy tool steels to high-speed steel, hard alloy steel and ceramic materials to synthetic diamond and polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride ( CBN). The cutting speed has also increased from the previous 12m/min to over 1200m/min with the innovation of tool materials. In the past, the grinding wheel material mainly used corundum, silicon carbide, etc., the United States G. E company first succeeded in diamond synthesis in the 1950s, and first developed CBN in the 1960s. In the 1990s, the ceramic or resin bond CBN grinding wheel and diamond grinding wheel have a line speed of up to 125 m/s, and some can reach 150 m/s, while the single-layer electroplated CBN wheel can reach 250 m/s. Therefore, some people think that with the continuous development of new tools (abrasive tools), the cutting speed will be doubled every ten years, and the subsonic and even supersonic processing will not be too far away.
In terms of ultra-high-speed cutting technology, in 1976, Vought Company of the United States developed an ultra-high-speed milling machine with a maximum speed of 20,000 rpm. Particularly striking is the fact that the Institute of Production Engineering and Machine Tools (PTW) of the Technical University of Darmstadt in the Federal Republic of Germany began systematically conducting research on ultra-high-speed cutting mechanisms in 1978, performing high-speed cutting tests on various metal and non-metallic materials, the Federal German Organization. Dozens of companies have provided more than 20 million marks to support this research work. Since the mid-to-late 1980s, commercial ultra-high-speed cutting machine tools have emerged, and ultra-high-speed machine tools have evolved from single ultra-high-speed milling machines to ultra-high-speed vehicles. Milling machines, drilling and milling machines and even various high-speed machining centers. Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Japan have also launched their own ultra-high-speed machine tools. The maximum speed of the HG400III machining center spindle of Hitachi Seiki is 36000~40000r/min, and the rapid moving speed of the table is 36~40m/min. The HVM800 high-speed machining center of Ingersoll, Inc., which uses a linear motor, has a feed speed of 60 m/min.
In high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding technology, many high-speed, ultra-high-speed grinding, deep-cutting and deep-feed grinding, deep-cut fast-feed grinding (ie HEDG), multi-plate grinding and multi-wheel grinding are developed. High-efficiency grinding, these high-speed and high-efficiency grinding technologies have been developed and applied in the past 20 years. In 1983, Guehring Automation of Germany produced the world's first most powerful 60kw powerful CBN grinding wheel with a Vs of 140~160m/s. Germany's Aixiang University of Technology and Bremen University have achieved world-recognized high-level achievements in high-efficiency deep-grinding research, and are actively conducting research on high-efficiency deep grinding in difficult-to-machine materials such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and Inconel. Bosch of Germany applies CBN grinding wheel to high-speed grinding of gear tooth profile. It uses electroplated CBN grinding wheel to replace the original hobbing and shaving process. It processes the gear tooth profile of 16MnCr5 material, Vs=155m/s. Q'''' reaches 811mm3/mm.s, Germany Kapp Company applies high-speed deep-grinding pump parts deep groove, workpiece material is 100Cr6 bearing steel, electroplated CBN grinding wheel, Vs reaches 300m/s, its Q`=140mm3/ Mm.s, in the grinding process, the quenched vane pump rotor can be clamped 10 times at a time, and the rotor groove is ground once. The workpiece feed speed is 1.2m/min during grinding, and the average rotor machining time is only required. In 10 seconds, the groove width accuracy is guaranteed to be 2μm, and one grinding wheel can process 1300 workpieces. At present, the practical grinding speed of the Japanese industry has reached 200m/s. The grinding research center of the University of Conneticut in the United States, in 1996, its uncentered high-speed grinding machine, the highest grinding wheel grinding speed of 250m / s.
In recent years, China has carried out more research in various key areas of high-speed ultra-high-speed machining, such as high-power high-speed spindle units, high-acceleration linear feed motors, ceramic rolling bearings, etc., but the overall level is still far from the foreign countries. Must be rushed to catch up.
2. Ultra-precision machining
The countries with leading edge in ultra-precision machining technology are the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan. The ultra-precision processing technology in these countries is not only high in overall set, but also highly commercialized.
The United States is the earliest country to carry out research on ultra-precision processing technology, and is also the world's leading country to date. As early as the late 1950s, due to the development of cutting-edge technologies such as aerospace, the United States first developed the ultra-precision cutting technology of diamond tools, called "Single Point Diamond Turning" or "micro-inch technology" (1 micro-inch = 0.025μm) and developed the ultra-precision machine tool for the corresponding air bearing spindle. It is used to process laser nuclear fusion mirrors, tactical missiles and spherical aspherical large parts for manned spacecraft. For example, the LLL laboratory and the Y-12 plant in the United States, with the support of the US Department of Energy, developed the DTM-3 large-scale ultra-precision diamond lathe in July 1983. The machine can process laser fusion for the largest part Ø2100mm and weight 4500kg. Various metal mirrors, parts for infrared devices, large-scale astronomical telescopes (including X-ray astronomical telescopes). The machining accuracy of the machine tool can reach a shape error of 28 nm (radius), a roundness and flatness of 12.5 nm, and a machined surface roughness of Ra 4.2 nm. Together with the LODTM large-scale ultra-precision lathe developed by the laboratory in 1984, the machine is still recognized as the world's highest level of technology and the highest precision diamond super-precision lathe.
In the field of ultra-precision machining technology, the Cranfield Institute of Precision Engineering (CUPE) affiliated to the Cranfield Institute of Technology in the United Kingdom enjoys a high reputation. It is one of the world's research centers for precision engineering and is the UK's ultra-precision machining technology. A unique representation of the level. For example, Nanocentre (Nano Machining Center) produced by CUPE can perform ultra-precision turning, grinding heads and ultra-precision grinding. The shape accuracy of the workpiece can reach 0.1μm and the surface roughness Ra<10nm.
Japan's research on ultra-precision processing technology started relatively late compared to the United States and Britain, but today the world's fastest-developing ultra-precision processing technology. Japan's research focus is different from that of the United States. The former is mainly based on the application of civilian products, while the latter is aimed at developing cutting-edge technology. Therefore, Japan is more advanced and superior in the ultra-precision processing technology for small, ultra-small electronic and optical parts used in sound, light, image and office equipment, even surpassing the United States.
China's ultra-precision machining technology has made great progress in the late 1970s. In the mid-1980s, ultra-precision machine tools and components with world-class appearance appeared. Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute is one of the main units for ultra-precision machining technology research in China. It has developed a variety of different types of ultra-precision machine tools, components and related high-precision test instruments, such as precision bearings with a precision of 0.025μm, JCS. -027 ultra-precision lathe, JCS-031 ultra-precision milling machine, JCS-035 ultra-precision lathe, ultra-precision lathe CNC system, copier drum processing machine, infrared high-power laser mirror, ultra-precision vibration-displacement micrometer, etc. It has a leading domestic and international advanced level. The Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics has conducted in-depth research and product production in the areas of ultra-precision spindles and granite coordinate measuring machines. Harbin Institute of Technology has carried out fruitful research in diamond ultra-precision cutting, diamond tool crystal orientation and sharpening, and diamond micro-powder grinding online repair technology. Tsinghua University has carried out in-depth research on integrated circuit ultra-precision processing equipment, disk processing and testing equipment, micro-displacement table, ultra-precision belt grinding and grinding, ultra-precision grinding of diamond micro-grinding wheel, and non-circular cross-section ultra-precision cutting. Research and the corresponding products are available. In addition, the Institute of Optoelectronic Precision Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenyang First Machine Tool Plant, Chengdu Tool Research Institute, National Defense Science and Technology University, etc. have carried out research in this field, with remarkable results. However, in general, China's ultra-precision machining efficiency, accuracy and reliability, especially specifications (large size) and technical support compared with foreign countries, and actual production requirements, there is still a considerable gap.
The development trend of ultra-precision machining technology is: development towards higher precision and higher efficiency; development towards large-scale and miniaturization; development towards integration of processing and inspection; development of machine tools to multi-functional modularization; New principles, new methods, and new materials for precision machining. The first decade of the 21st century will be a key decade for ultra-precision machining technology to achieve and complete nanofabrication technology.
Third, the "10th Five-Year" goal and main research content
1. aims
Ultra-high-speed machining to achieve basic industrial applications in 2005, the maximum spindle speed of 15000r / min, feed speed of 40 ~ 60m / min, grinding wheel grinding speed of 100 ~ 150m / s; ultra-precision machining to achieve sub-micron processing, Strengthen the application research of nano-scale processing technology to reach the international level in the early 1990s.
2. Main research content
(1) Research on ultra-high speed cutting and grinding mechanism. Systematic research on ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding processes, various cutting and grinding phenomena, ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding performance of various materials and various tool abrasive materials, and optimization of process parameters for ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding .
(2) Research on manufacturing technology of super high speed spindle unit. Research and development of spindle material, structure and bearing; research on dynamic characteristics and thermal state of spindle system; research on elastic support technology of flexible spindle and its bearing; research on lubrication and cooling technology of spindle system; multi-objective optimization design technology of spindle Design technology research; spindle tool change technology research.
(3) Research on manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed feed unit. Development of high-speed position chip ring; research on precision AC servo system and motor; research on matching relationship between system inertia and servo motor parameters; research on static and dynamic stiffness of mechanical transmission chain; research on acceleration and deceleration control technology; precision ball screw pair and guide The development of the lead screw pair.
(4) Research on tool grinding tools and materials for ultra-high speed machining. Research and development of various ultra-high-speed machining (including difficult-to-machine materials) with tool grinding materials and preparation technology, so that the cutting speed of the tool reaches the level of the late industrial developed countries in the late 1990s, the grinding speed of the grinding tools reached 150m / s or more.
(5) Research on ultra-high speed machining test technology. Monitoring technology for the functional parts and drive control systems of the super high-speed machining machine spindle unit, the feed unit system, the machine tool support and the auxiliary unit system, the wear and tear of the tool grinding tools for ultra-high-speed machining, and the dressing of the grinding tools, etc. Online monitoring technology such as workpiece machining accuracy and surface quality during ultra-high speed machining is studied.
(6) Research on processing mechanism of ultra-precision machining. Research on the mechanism of "evolutionary processing" and "transcend processing"; microscopic surface integrity research; processing, phenomena, performance and process parameters of various materials (including processed materials and tool abrasive materials) in the ultra-precision category Conduct a prompt study.
(7) Research on manufacturing technology of ultra-precision processing equipment. Engineering research on nano-scale ultra-precision lathes; research on ultra-precision grinding machines; research on key basic components such as shafting, guide rails, numerical control servo systems, micro-displacement devices; research on manufacturing technology of ultra-precision machine tools.
(8) Research on ultra-precision machining tools, grinding tools and sharpening technology. Diamond tool and sharpening technology, diamond micro-grinding wheel and its dressing technology research.
(9) Research on precision measurement technology and error compensation technology. Nanoscale reference and transfer system establishment; nanoscale measuring instrument research; spatial error compensation technology research; measurement integration technology research.
(10) Research on working environment conditions of ultra-precision machining. Research on ultra-precision measurement, temperature control system and vibration-absorbing technology; research on ultra-precision purification equipment, new special chip removal devices and related technologies.
Ultra-high-speed machining technology refers to the modern processing technology that uses the cutting tool of super-hard material to improve the material removal rate, machining accuracy and processing quality by greatly improving the cutting speed and feed rate.
The cutting speed range for ultra-high speed machining varies with different workpiece materials and different cutting methods. At present, it is generally believed that the cutting speed range of ultra-high-speed cutting various materials is: aluminum alloy has exceeded 1600m / min, cast iron is 1500m / min, super heat-resistant nickel alloy up to 300m / min, titanium alloy up to 150 ~ 1000m / min, The fiber reinforced plastic is 2000~9000m/min. The cutting speed range of various cutting processes is: turning 700~7000m/min, milling 300~6000m/min, drilling 200~1100m/min, grinding more than 250m/s and so on.
Ultra-high-speed machining technology mainly includes: research on ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding mechanism, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed spindle unit, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed feed unit, manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed machining tool and abrasive tool, on-line automatic detection and control of ultra-high-speed machining Technology, etc.
Ultra-precision machining currently refers to the processing technology that the dimensional accuracy of the machined part is higher than 0.1μm, the surface roughness Ra is less than 025μm, and the resolution and repeatability of the machine tool positioning accuracy is higher than 0.01μm. Level processing technology and is developing towards nanoscale processing technology.
Ultra-precision machining technology mainly includes: research on mechanism of ultra-precision machining, research on equipment manufacturing technology of ultra-precision machining, research on ultra-precision machining tools and sharpening technology, research on ultra-precision measurement technology and error compensation technology, and research on working environment conditions of ultra-precision machining .
Second, the status quo and domestic and international development trends
1. Ultra high speed machining
The research on ultra-high-speed machining in industrialized countries has started early and has a high level. In this technology, the leading countries are mainly Germany, Japan, the United States, Italy and so on.
In ultra-high-speed machining technology, super-hard material tools are the premise and prerequisite for ultra-high-speed machining. Ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding technology is the modern ultra-high-speed machining process, while high-speed CNC machine tools and machining centers are ultra-high-speed machining. Key equipment. At present, tool materials have evolved from carbon steel and alloy tool steels to high-speed steel, hard alloy steel and ceramic materials to synthetic diamond and polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride ( CBN). The cutting speed has also increased from the previous 12m/min to over 1200m/min with the innovation of tool materials. In the past, the grinding wheel material mainly used corundum, silicon carbide, etc., the United States G. E company first succeeded in diamond synthesis in the 1950s, and first developed CBN in the 1960s. In the 1990s, the ceramic or resin bond CBN grinding wheel and diamond grinding wheel have a line speed of up to 125 m/s, and some can reach 150 m/s, while the single-layer electroplated CBN wheel can reach 250 m/s. Therefore, some people think that with the continuous development of new tools (abrasive tools), the cutting speed will be doubled every ten years, and the subsonic and even supersonic processing will not be too far away.
In terms of ultra-high-speed cutting technology, in 1976, Vought Company of the United States developed an ultra-high-speed milling machine with a maximum speed of 20,000 rpm. Particularly striking is the fact that the Institute of Production Engineering and Machine Tools (PTW) of the Technical University of Darmstadt in the Federal Republic of Germany began systematically conducting research on ultra-high-speed cutting mechanisms in 1978, performing high-speed cutting tests on various metal and non-metallic materials, the Federal German Organization. Dozens of companies have provided more than 20 million marks to support this research work. Since the mid-to-late 1980s, commercial ultra-high-speed cutting machine tools have emerged, and ultra-high-speed machine tools have evolved from single ultra-high-speed milling machines to ultra-high-speed vehicles. Milling machines, drilling and milling machines and even various high-speed machining centers. Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Japan have also launched their own ultra-high-speed machine tools. The maximum speed of the HG400III machining center spindle of Hitachi Seiki is 36000~40000r/min, and the rapid moving speed of the table is 36~40m/min. The HVM800 high-speed machining center of Ingersoll, Inc., which uses a linear motor, has a feed speed of 60 m/min.
In high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding technology, many high-speed, ultra-high-speed grinding, deep-cutting and deep-feed grinding, deep-cut fast-feed grinding (ie HEDG), multi-plate grinding and multi-wheel grinding are developed. High-efficiency grinding, these high-speed and high-efficiency grinding technologies have been developed and applied in the past 20 years. In 1983, Guehring Automation of Germany produced the world's first most powerful 60kw powerful CBN grinding wheel with a Vs of 140~160m/s. Germany's Aixiang University of Technology and Bremen University have achieved world-recognized high-level achievements in high-efficiency deep-grinding research, and are actively conducting research on high-efficiency deep grinding in difficult-to-machine materials such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and Inconel. Bosch of Germany applies CBN grinding wheel to high-speed grinding of gear tooth profile. It uses electroplated CBN grinding wheel to replace the original hobbing and shaving process. It processes the gear tooth profile of 16MnCr5 material, Vs=155m/s. Q'''' reaches 811mm3/mm.s, Germany Kapp Company applies high-speed deep-grinding pump parts deep groove, workpiece material is 100Cr6 bearing steel, electroplated CBN grinding wheel, Vs reaches 300m/s, its Q`=140mm3/ Mm.s, in the grinding process, the quenched vane pump rotor can be clamped 10 times at a time, and the rotor groove is ground once. The workpiece feed speed is 1.2m/min during grinding, and the average rotor machining time is only required. In 10 seconds, the groove width accuracy is guaranteed to be 2μm, and one grinding wheel can process 1300 workpieces. At present, the practical grinding speed of the Japanese industry has reached 200m/s. The grinding research center of the University of Conneticut in the United States, in 1996, its uncentered high-speed grinding machine, the highest grinding wheel grinding speed of 250m / s.
In recent years, China has carried out more research in various key areas of high-speed ultra-high-speed machining, such as high-power high-speed spindle units, high-acceleration linear feed motors, ceramic rolling bearings, etc., but the overall level is still far from the foreign countries. Must be rushed to catch up.
2. Ultra-precision machining
The countries with leading edge in ultra-precision machining technology are the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan. The ultra-precision processing technology in these countries is not only high in overall set, but also highly commercialized.
The United States is the earliest country to carry out research on ultra-precision processing technology, and is also the world's leading country to date. As early as the late 1950s, due to the development of cutting-edge technologies such as aerospace, the United States first developed the ultra-precision cutting technology of diamond tools, called "Single Point Diamond Turning" or "micro-inch technology" (1 micro-inch = 0.025μm) and developed the ultra-precision machine tool for the corresponding air bearing spindle. It is used to process laser nuclear fusion mirrors, tactical missiles and spherical aspherical large parts for manned spacecraft. For example, the LLL laboratory and the Y-12 plant in the United States, with the support of the US Department of Energy, developed the DTM-3 large-scale ultra-precision diamond lathe in July 1983. The machine can process laser fusion for the largest part Ø2100mm and weight 4500kg. Various metal mirrors, parts for infrared devices, large-scale astronomical telescopes (including X-ray astronomical telescopes). The machining accuracy of the machine tool can reach a shape error of 28 nm (radius), a roundness and flatness of 12.5 nm, and a machined surface roughness of Ra 4.2 nm. Together with the LODTM large-scale ultra-precision lathe developed by the laboratory in 1984, the machine is still recognized as the world's highest level of technology and the highest precision diamond super-precision lathe.
In the field of ultra-precision machining technology, the Cranfield Institute of Precision Engineering (CUPE) affiliated to the Cranfield Institute of Technology in the United Kingdom enjoys a high reputation. It is one of the world's research centers for precision engineering and is the UK's ultra-precision machining technology. A unique representation of the level. For example, Nanocentre (Nano Machining Center) produced by CUPE can perform ultra-precision turning, grinding heads and ultra-precision grinding. The shape accuracy of the workpiece can reach 0.1μm and the surface roughness Ra<10nm.
Japan's research on ultra-precision processing technology started relatively late compared to the United States and Britain, but today the world's fastest-developing ultra-precision processing technology. Japan's research focus is different from that of the United States. The former is mainly based on the application of civilian products, while the latter is aimed at developing cutting-edge technology. Therefore, Japan is more advanced and superior in the ultra-precision processing technology for small, ultra-small electronic and optical parts used in sound, light, image and office equipment, even surpassing the United States.
China's ultra-precision machining technology has made great progress in the late 1970s. In the mid-1980s, ultra-precision machine tools and components with world-class appearance appeared. Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute is one of the main units for ultra-precision machining technology research in China. It has developed a variety of different types of ultra-precision machine tools, components and related high-precision test instruments, such as precision bearings with a precision of 0.025μm, JCS. -027 ultra-precision lathe, JCS-031 ultra-precision milling machine, JCS-035 ultra-precision lathe, ultra-precision lathe CNC system, copier drum processing machine, infrared high-power laser mirror, ultra-precision vibration-displacement micrometer, etc. It has a leading domestic and international advanced level. The Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics has conducted in-depth research and product production in the areas of ultra-precision spindles and granite coordinate measuring machines. Harbin Institute of Technology has carried out fruitful research in diamond ultra-precision cutting, diamond tool crystal orientation and sharpening, and diamond micro-powder grinding online repair technology. Tsinghua University has carried out in-depth research on integrated circuit ultra-precision processing equipment, disk processing and testing equipment, micro-displacement table, ultra-precision belt grinding and grinding, ultra-precision grinding of diamond micro-grinding wheel, and non-circular cross-section ultra-precision cutting. Research and the corresponding products are available. In addition, the Institute of Optoelectronic Precision Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenyang First Machine Tool Plant, Chengdu Tool Research Institute, National Defense Science and Technology University, etc. have carried out research in this field, with remarkable results. However, in general, China's ultra-precision machining efficiency, accuracy and reliability, especially specifications (large size) and technical support compared with foreign countries, and actual production requirements, there is still a considerable gap.
The development trend of ultra-precision machining technology is: development towards higher precision and higher efficiency; development towards large-scale and miniaturization; development towards integration of processing and inspection; development of machine tools to multi-functional modularization; New principles, new methods, and new materials for precision machining. The first decade of the 21st century will be a key decade for ultra-precision machining technology to achieve and complete nanofabrication technology.
Third, the "10th Five-Year" goal and main research content
1. aims
Ultra-high-speed machining to achieve basic industrial applications in 2005, the maximum spindle speed of 15000r / min, feed speed of 40 ~ 60m / min, grinding wheel grinding speed of 100 ~ 150m / s; ultra-precision machining to achieve sub-micron processing, Strengthen the application research of nano-scale processing technology to reach the international level in the early 1990s.
2. Main research content
(1) Research on ultra-high speed cutting and grinding mechanism. Systematic research on ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding processes, various cutting and grinding phenomena, ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding performance of various materials and various tool abrasive materials, and optimization of process parameters for ultra-high-speed cutting and grinding .
(2) Research on manufacturing technology of super high speed spindle unit. Research and development of spindle material, structure and bearing; research on dynamic characteristics and thermal state of spindle system; research on elastic support technology of flexible spindle and its bearing; research on lubrication and cooling technology of spindle system; multi-objective optimization design technology of spindle Design technology research; spindle tool change technology research.
(3) Research on manufacturing technology of ultra-high-speed feed unit. Development of high-speed position chip ring; research on precision AC servo system and motor; research on matching relationship between system inertia and servo motor parameters; research on static and dynamic stiffness of mechanical transmission chain; research on acceleration and deceleration control technology; precision ball screw pair and guide The development of the lead screw pair.
(4) Research on tool grinding tools and materials for ultra-high speed machining. Research and development of various ultra-high-speed machining (including difficult-to-machine materials) with tool grinding materials and preparation technology, so that the cutting speed of the tool reaches the level of the late industrial developed countries in the late 1990s, the grinding speed of the grinding tools reached 150m / s or more.
(5) Research on ultra-high speed machining test technology. Monitoring technology for the functional parts and drive control systems of the super high-speed machining machine spindle unit, the feed unit system, the machine tool support and the auxiliary unit system, the wear and tear of the tool grinding tools for ultra-high-speed machining, and the dressing of the grinding tools, etc. Online monitoring technology such as workpiece machining accuracy and surface quality during ultra-high speed machining is studied.
(6) Research on processing mechanism of ultra-precision machining. Research on the mechanism of "evolutionary processing" and "transcend processing"; microscopic surface integrity research; processing, phenomena, performance and process parameters of various materials (including processed materials and tool abrasive materials) in the ultra-precision category Conduct a prompt study.
(7) Research on manufacturing technology of ultra-precision processing equipment. Engineering research on nano-scale ultra-precision lathes; research on ultra-precision grinding machines; research on key basic components such as shafting, guide rails, numerical control servo systems, micro-displacement devices; research on manufacturing technology of ultra-precision machine tools.
(8) Research on ultra-precision machining tools, grinding tools and sharpening technology. Diamond tool and sharpening technology, diamond micro-grinding wheel and its dressing technology research.
(9) Research on precision measurement technology and error compensation technology. Nanoscale reference and transfer system establishment; nanoscale measuring instrument research; spatial error compensation technology research; measurement integration technology research.
(10) Research on working environment conditions of ultra-precision machining. Research on ultra-precision measurement, temperature control system and vibration-absorbing technology; research on ultra-precision purification equipment, new special chip removal devices and related technologies.
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