Major disaster in history today | The Lisbon earthquake The explosion of Sandoz chemical plant in Switzerland

Lisbon earthquake.

The Lisbon earthquake that occurred on November 1, 1755 is by far the largest earthquake in Europe. The earthquake occurred in the Atlantic Ocean, a few tens of kilometers from the city of Lisbon. The destruction of the city of Lisbon was extremely serious, with about 70,000 dead, many of whom were killed by a series of more than ten meters of tsunami caused by the earthquake. The earthquake caused the tsunami to be nearly 30 meters high, attacking the coast of Lisbon and damaging the coasts of the United Kingdom, North Africa and the Netherlands. Even considerable waves have been observed in Central America. After the earthquake struck 214 years, that is, on February 28, 1969, another magnitude 8 earthquake took place west of the sea. Before the 18th century, the European theological community was relatively strong and it was not allowed to study earthquakes. After the Lisbon earthquake, earthquake studies in Europe were liberated from the shackles of religion.

Santos chemical plant explosion in Switzerland

November 1, 1986, Basel, Switzerland Sangduo Zi chemical plant warehouse No. 956, in a violent explosion sound turned into a sea of fire.

This warehouse is a simple building built in 1968 to store machinery and equipment. It has an area of 6,000 square meters and no fire extinguishing devices. At the time of the explosion, 824 tons of highly effective pesticides, 71 tons of herbicides, 12 tons of mercury compounds and 4 tons of illegally stored flammable toxic compounds were stored in the warehouse . At that time, the column of fire on the captain was more than 60 meters long. The drums filled with chemicals continued to explode, forming a ball of fireball toward the sky. In the few hours that 160 firefighters fought with the fire, two fire engines sprayed fire extinguishing fluid to the fire almost every minute. The radio broadcasted a warning message and residents were told not to leave the residence. The police car continued to patrol the streets and issued a notice: Residents should close the doors and windows.

The bombing of Sandoz Chemical Factory warehouse brought a huge ecological disaster. Two days after the accident, 150,000 squids in the Basle and Karlsruhe rivers were found guilty of innocent destruction, leaving catfish in the river segment to disappear. What was particularly unexpected was that not only did the fire bring about an ecological and chemical disaster, but the fire extinguishing itself was no exception to the destruction of the ecological environment. Fire extinguishing fluids react with high temperatures and generate harmful gases. A large amount of water used by fire-fighting drain the 10-30 tons of pesticides and at least 200 kilograms of mercury into the nearby Rhine, the people of this generation chanted river organisms gradually die within a few hundred kilometers.

The Rhine originates from the Alps and is 1,320 kilometers long . It flows through Switzerland, France, Germany and the Netherlands. It is injected into the North Sea from the Dutch Bay. This pollution has caused the 40- km Rhine River to be covered with a layer of toxic substances. Film. Toxic substances flow down the river and eventually make the North Sea vulnerable to pollution.

The pollution brought about 60 million U.S. dollars in losses to coastal countries. The single fishery in Baden, Germany, which borders Switzerland, lost 5 million U.S. dollars in fisheries . In the following years, there was no fish in the Rhine. Fishing. Officials warned people in coastal areas not to drink Rhine water. The French government has ordered that its fishermen be prohibited from catching fish while it is not allowed to grazing livestock along the river. There are several towns in Germany that rely on fire trucks to transport water to residents.

The beautiful scenery along the Rhine is a popular destination for people. The pollution has also caused a serious blow to the tourism industry. There has never been such a big disaster in the history of the Rhine. Therefore, some people called the accident "the Chernobyl incident in the water industry."

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.