Neat, bright future factories operate quietly and efficiently, intelligent machines work together, and work with a skilled global workforce that not only intelligently interconnects with every aspect of the industrial chain, but also with The customer communicates directly to meet various diversified and personalized product requirements; if necessary, all data in the production process will be collected, the intelligence analysis system and various dynamic systems will be perfectly combined, and the interconnection network of information and production will be Real value here.
"This dream is amazing, but the distance from reality is much closer than we think." Liu Runsheng, an associate researcher at the Center for Strategic Research at the China Institute of Scientific and Information Technology, which focuses on foreign technology strategies, said. According to him, the Siemens electronics factory in Amberg, Germany, is like this dream, profoundly showing the magic of digital: this perfect high-tech factory covers an area of ​​more than 10,000 square meters, and runs digitally and efficiently. Its customized production process covers 1.6 billion parts and produces more than 50,000 models per year. Siemens purchased about 10,000 materials from 250 suppliers and produced 950 different products at the plant.
“In fact, as early as 2011, the German advanced manufacturers represented by Siemens joined the German Academy of Engineering and the Fraunhofer Association to promote the concept of 'Industry 4.0'.†Liu Runsheng told the Science and Technology Daily reporter, “ They believe that the industry that introduced mechanical manufacturing equipment in the 18th century was the 1.0 era. The electrification mass production in the early 20th century was the 2.0 era. The informationization that began in the 1970s was the 3.0 era. Now it is entering the era of Industry 4.0, that is, information physics. An intelligent, networked industrial era based on a converged system."
“This concept describes a fundamental paradigm shift from centralized control to distributed enhanced control with the goal of creating a highly flexible production model for personalized and digital products and services,†said Liu Runsheng.
In the following period of time, the voices from industry and academic circles became more and more intense. Until 2012, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology jointly listed “Industry 4.0†as the top ten future projects of High Technology Strategy 2020. First, to support the research and development and innovation of a new generation of key technologies in the field of industrial technology. They firmly believe that the process of creating new value will change and the division of industry chain will be reorganized.
In order to promote the realization of "Industry 4.0", the German Machinery and Manufacturers Association, the German Information Technology, Communication and New Media Association, and the German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association established the "Industry 4.0 Platform". In April 2013, the German Academy of Engineering submitted the final report of the Industry 4.0 Working Group to the German government – ​​“Protecting the Future of German Manufacturing – Recommendations for Implementing the Industry 4.0 Strategyâ€. "This report clearly states that Germany needs to adopt a dual strategy to transform to Industry 4.0, that is, Germany is to become a leading supplier of intelligent manufacturing technology and a leading market for CPS technology and products." Liu Runsheng said.
"CPS is the abbreviation of Cyber-Physical Systems, which means the information physical fusion system. It is also the core technology to realize the industry 4.0. It is the process of deeply embedding computing and communication into the physical process and interacting closely with the physical process. The system adds new capabilities.†Liu Runsheng said, “Based on this technology, production and service methods will be further 'evolved'. Through the sensor network, the advanced computing power of virtual space will be closely linked to the real world, thus in the manufacturing process. Collect and analyze all the data related to design, development and production to form an intelligent production system that can be operated autonomously – this is the smart factory in the era of Industry 4.0.
However, CPS technology is not only favored by Germans. According to Liu Runsheng, the US Competitiveness Plan, which was released in February 2006, listed CPS as an important research project. In recent years, CPS has been advanced by the US government. R&D focus in the manufacturing and information technology sectors. "In terms of business, the US industrial giant General Electric is pushing its so-called 'Industrial Internet', and its essence is also to focus on the deep integration of the digital network world and the machine world. The company also released a report in 2012 "Industrial Internet: Breaking through wisdom and machines "The boundaries", a large-scale concept and brand marketing offensive." Liu Runsheng said, "And in March this year, AT&T, Cisco, General Electric, IBM and Intel five industry giants also created the Industrial Internet Alliance, and its members have now grown to 90 One."
“The era of productivity growth is far from over.†Jeff Immelt, CEO of General Electric, commented on the growing era of intelligent production. “All industrial companies are no longer the same as 'big iron boxes'. The new manufacturing method will closely surround our products, data and software are connected, and analysis and judgment can be made in real time. Industry is advancing, this is not a distant future, this is the reality of today."
The integration of the digital world and the real world can really bring economic development to a new stage? This sounds enough to make Industry 4.0 worth looking forward to. Liu Runsheng said: "It not only provides great opportunities for the manufacturing industry, but also creates new opportunities for industrial processes and industrial services. The concept of Industry 4.0 starts from the traditional manufacturing powerhouse - Germany, and in a sense further strengthens 'Made in Germany' brand."
“However, the deepest connotation of Industry 4.0 still lies in its far-reaching impact on the future manufacturing field. We must profoundly understand and grasp the tremendous transformational power of information technology for industrial transformation. The extensive deep integration of the physical physics world and the virtual network world is undoubtedly The irreversible trend in the future." Liu Runsheng said.
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