The lotus leaf that is not stained with mud is a natural master of non-stick water. It can prevent rain but cannot prevent water vapor. Researchers at the Pennsylvania State University have recently developed a new type of nanomaterial that does not adhere to water vapor, and truly “drip waterâ€.
According to the researchers, when a droplet falls on the surface of an object, there are usually two situations: First, the surface of the object is still "locked" with a thin gas, and the droplet floats on the gas without being stuck. The surface of the object; first, there is no gas between the two, the droplet is in close contact with the surface of the object, and is confined or stuck on it. The imitation lotus leaf waterproofing materials developed in the past can only work in the first case, and they allow the material to work effectively in the second case.
“The hydrophobicity of the surface of the lotus leaf is completely dependent on a layer of gas under the liquid, but this layer of gas is easily destroyed, causing it to lose its hydrophobic properties,†said Huang Desheng, an assistant professor in charge of research. “Our research uses liquids. The lubricant replaces the gas, which greatly improves the surface water resistance."
In order to obtain this non-stick surface, the researchers used nanotechnology to process nanostructured "pillars" on silicon wafers, and then poured a layer of liquid lubricant into the nanostructures to reduce the viscous force on the droplets. . To test its performance, the researchers tilted the surface at 30 degrees and placed 5 microliters of water droplets on the surface to slide it. The test results confirmed that even if there is no gas under the droplets, the surface can still be "drip-free", and its hydrophobic properties far exceed the previous various biomimetic structures.
According to Dai Xianming, the first author of related papers, in addition to silicon materials, metals, glass, ceramics and plastics can also be used to design such non-stick materials. In the industry, such materials have important application value, for example, can be used to improve the condensing heat transfer performance of heat exchangers in power plants, and also prevent safety accidents caused by icing and frosting of the wings.
The study was recently published online in the US journal ACS Nano.
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